第3章 控制程序流程

3.1 使用java运算符

  3.1.1 优先级

  3.1.2 赋值

  3.1.3 算术运算符

  3.1.4 自动递增和递减

  3.1.5 关系运算符

  3.1.6 逻辑运算符

  3.1.7 按位运算符

  3.1.8 移位运算符

  3.1.9 三元if-else运算符

  3.1.10 逗号运算符

  3.1.11 字串运算符

  3.1.12 运算符常规操作规则

  3.1.13 造型运算符

  3.1.14 java没有”sizeof“

  3.1.15 复习计算顺序

  3.1.16 运算符总结

3.2 执行控制

  3.2.1 真和假

  3.2.2 if else

  3.2.3 反复

  3.2.4 do-while

  3.2.5 for

  3.2.6 中断和继续

  3.2.7 开关

3.1.1 优先级

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int x = 1, y =1, z = 1;
int a = x + y - 2/2 + z;
int b = x + (y - 2)/(2 + z);
System.out.println("a = " + a + " ,b = "+b);
}
}

输出:

a = 2 ,b = 1

3.1.2 赋值

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class Assignment {
    //理解基本类型和对象赋值的区别
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Number n1 = new Number();
        Number n2 = new Number();
        n1.i = 9;
        n2.i = 47;
        System.out.println("1:n1.i: " + n1.i + ", n2.i: " + n2.i);
        n2 = n1;
        System.out.println("2:n1.i: " + n1.i + ", n2.i: " + n2.i);
        n1.i = 27;
        System.out.println("1:n1.i: " + n1.i + ", n2.i: " + n2.i);
    }
}
class Number {
    int i;
}

运行结果:

1:n1.i: 9, n2.i: 47
2:n1.i: 9, n2.i: 9
1:n1.i: 27, n2.i: 27
package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class PassObject {
    static void f(Letter y){
        y.c = 'z';
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Letter x = new Letter();
        x.c = 'a';
        System.out.println("x.c:"+x.c);
        f(x);
        System.out.println("x.c:"+x.c);
    }
}
class Letter{
    char c;
}

运行结果:

x.c:a
x.c:z

3.1.4 i++与i--

package com.sunny.hello.c3;


public class AutoInc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int i = 1;
        System.out.println("i:"+i);
        System.out.println("++i:" + ++i);
        System.out.println("i++:" + i++);
        System.out.println("i:" + i);
        System.out.println("--i:" + --i);
        System.out.println("i--:" + i--);
        System.out.println("i:"+i);
    }
}

运行结果:

i:3
--i:2
i--:2
i:1

3.1.5 关系运算符

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class Equivalence {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //检查对象是否相等
        Integer n1 = new Integer(47);
        Integer n2 = new Integer(47);
        System.out.println(n1 ==  n2);  //false
        System.out.println(n1.equals(n2)); //true
    }
}
package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class EqualsMethod {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Value v1 = new Value();
        Value v2 = new Value();
        v1.i = 100;
        v2.i = 100;
        System.out.println(v1.equals(v2)); //false
        /* 这里的equals调用的是Object类的
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            return (this == obj);
        }*/
    }
}
class Value{
    int i;
}

3.1.6 逻辑运算符

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class ShortCircuit {
    public static boolean test1(int i){
        if(i>1){
            System.out.println("test1()执行");
           return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    public static boolean test2(int i){
        if(i%2 == 0){
            System.out.println("test2()执行");
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 2, b = 6;
        if(test1(a) && test2(b)){
            System.out.println("未短路");
        }else{
            System.out.println("短路");
        }
    }
}

运行结果:

test1()执行
test2()执行
未短路

若将a的值改为1,则:(注意,test1为false,则test2不会继续执行了,这就是短路)

短路

3.1.8 移位运算符

<<:左移

>> :右移(若值为正,则在高位插入 0;若值为负,则在高位插入 1)

>> :无符号右移(无论正负,都在高位插入0)

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class URShift {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 2;
        System.out.println(a<<2);
        System.out.println(a>>2);
        System.out.println(a>>>2);
        short b = -1;
        System.out.println(b<<2);
        System.out.println(b>>2);
        System.out.println(b>>>2);

    }
}

运行结果:

8
0
0
-4
-1
1073741823

3.1.9 三元运算符  

public int ternary(int i){
        return i<10 ? i*100 : i*10;
    }

3.1.15 复习计算顺序

算术运算符>关系运算符>逻辑运算符>赋值

3.1.16 运算符总结

溢出问题:

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class Overflow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int big = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        System.out.println(big);
        big = big * 4;
        System.out.println(big);
    }
}

输出结果:

2147483647
-4

3.2: 执行控制

break和continue区别:

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for(int i=0; i<6; i++){
            if(i%2 != 0){
                break;
            }else{
                System.out.println(i);
            }
            System.out.println(i + "是偶数");
        }
    }
}

运行结果:

0
0是偶数
package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for(int i=0; i<6; i++){
            if(i%2 != 0){
                continue;
            }else{
                System.out.println(i);
            }
            System.out.println(i + "是偶数");
        }
    }
}

运行结果:

0
0是偶数
2
2是偶数
4
4是偶数

switch开关:

package com.sunny.hello.c3;

public class VowelsAndConsonants {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
            char c = (char)(Math.random()*26+'a');
            System.out.println("c:"+c);
            switch (c){
                case 'a':
                case 'e':
                case 'i':
                case 'o':
                case 'u':
                    System.out.println("vowel");
                    break;
                case 'y':
                case 'w':
                    System.out.println("Sometimes a vowel");
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("consonant");
            }
        }
    }

}

运行结果:

c:c
consonant
c:h
consonant
c:g
consonant
c:e
vowel
c:b
consonant
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunnyDream/p/8012431.html