12C adg 安装

一、条件（主库完整库、备库只要软件就行！）

--数据库软件：linuxx64_12201_database.zip

--数据库补丁包：p27105253_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip

---Opatch升级包：p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip

---IP 地址分配

172.16.11.1 testdb

172.16.11.2 teststdydb

主库： testdb

备库： teststdydb

--安装主库软件并且创建数据库

--备库安装数据库软件

--升级主备库Opatch、打补丁包

二、监听、TNS

主库： listener.ora

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = testdb)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME =testdb)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = testdb)
     )
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME =teststdydb)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = teststdydb)
    )
)

--tnsnames.ora

testdb =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.11.1)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = testdb)
    )
)

teststdydb =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.16.11.2)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = teststdydb)
    )
)

--备库

--listener.ora

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = teststdydb)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

--tnsnames.ora

---重新启动主备库监听！！！

lsnrctl reload

---查询是否是手动注册

lsnrctl status

UNKNOWN

READY

--测试

tnsping testdb
tnsping teststdydb
sqlplus sys/oracle@testdb as sysdba
sqlplus sys/oracle@teststdydb as sysdba

三、修改主库必要参数（CDB）

select force_logging from v$database; --查询是否开启

alter database force logging;--开启强制记录日志

alter database archivelog;--开启归档

alter system set standby_file_management=auto;--手动

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=testdb' scope=spfile;--开启本地归档

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=teststdydb LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=teststdydb' scope=spfile;--开启远程归档

alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(testdb,teststdydb)';--开启DG功能

alter system set fal_client='testdb';--指定源端

alter system set fal_server='teststdydb';--指定目标端

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;--启动应用

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable;--启动应用

alter system set log_archive_format='testdb%t_%s_%r.dbf' scope=spfile;--指定归档文件形式

--源端---先写备端地址，在写源端地址

alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/teststdydb/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/teststdydb/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/' scope=spfile;

select bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;--查询日志大小

select member from v$logfile;--查询日志位置

select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024/1024 G from v$log;--查询组的个数，以及大小

select group#,thread#,members,archived,status from v$log;--查询当前使用的是那个日志组

---添加 standby logfile

alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby06a.log',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby06b.log') size 1G ;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby07a.log',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby07b.log') size 1G ;
alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby08a.log',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby08b.log') size 1G ;
alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby09a.log',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby09b.log') size 1G ;
alter database add standby logfile group 10 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby10a.log',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby10b.log') size 1G ;
alter database add standby logfile group 11 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby11a.log',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/standby11b.log') size 1G ;

---重启主库数据库，使修改参数生效

shut immediate;

startup

---生成 pfile 文件

create pfile from spfile;

---传递密码文件

cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

scp orapwtestdb 172.16.11.2:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/orapwteststdydb

---传递参数文件
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
scp inittestdb.ora 172.16.11.2:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/initteststdydb.ora

四、修改备库参数文件initteststdydb.ora相关参数

--创建audit_file_dest 目录（改成备库的）

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/teststdydb/adump

---创建control_files 路径

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/teststdydb/

--修改db_file_name_convert、log_file_name_convert 路径

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/teststdydb'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/teststdydb'

--添加db_unique_name参数

*.db_unique_name='teststdydb'

---修改下列参数

*.fal_client='teststdydb'
*.fal_server='testdb'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=teststdydb'

*.log_archive_dest_2=''

*.log_archive_format='teststdydb_%t_%s_%r.arc'

----启动备库到nomount

startup nomount;

五、灾备库执行恢复操作

rman target sys/oracle@testdb auxiliary sys/123456@teststdydb

duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;

---上面操作完成，备库就处于mount状态

alter database open;---起库

---备库应用日志

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;---取消应用

--查询备库日志是否应用

select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;

---查询备库进程是否正常

select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;

SQL> select process, status, thread#,sequence#, block#, blocks from v$managed_standby;

PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS

--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

ARCH CLOSING 1 530 1689600 595

DGRD ALLOCATED 0 0 0 0

ARCH CLOSING 1 528 1789952 17

ARCH CLOSING 1 529 1406976 1586

ARCH CLOSING 1 526 1939456 1946

RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0

RFS IDLE 1 531 1211169 1

LNS CONNECTED 0 0 0 0

RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0

MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 1 531 1211169 2097152

---如果进程不正常；或者数据没有同步如何处理？

select ERROR from v$archive_dest;

select dest_name,status,error from v$archive_dest where rownum<3;

---查询主备库状态

select DATABASE_ROLE,SWITCHOVER_STATUS from v$database;

六、验证

--创建一个测试表；进行增删改操作；在备库验证是否同步

七、修改主备库的模式

最高保护模式（Maximum Protection）
最高性能模式（Maximum Performance）
最高可用性模式（Maximum Availability）

---查询数据库现在是那种模式
select open_mode,PROTECTION_LEVEL,DATABASE_ROLE,SWITCHOVER_STATUS from v$database;
select name,dbid,database_role,protection_mode from v$database;

--切换成最高可用

alter database set standby database to maximize availability;

--最高性能模式
alter database set standby database to maximize Performance;

--最大保护模式

alter database set standby database to maximize protection;