SpringMVC--->注解开发(各种注解的适应方法)

1、导包

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

2、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3、配置Spring-MVC.xml(写死的一般不用动)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

　　　
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xian.controller"/>

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <mvc:annotation-driven />


    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

</beans>

4、配置一个 Controller（使用注解）

package com.xian.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/h1")
    public String hello(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","Hello Controller");
        return "hello";
    }
}

5、此时需要一个hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

Tomcat发布就完成了（地址栏输入h1）

二、注解使用声明

1、@Controller注解(代表这个类被Spring托管）

@Controller注解类型用于声明Spring类的实例是一个控制器（在讲IOC时还提到了另外3个注解）；

2、自动扫描

Spring可以使用扫描机制来找到应用程序中所有基于注解的控制器类，为了保证Spring能找到你的控制器，需要在配置文件中声明组件扫描。

<!-- 自动扫描指定的包，下面所有注解类交给IOC容器管理 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>

3、@RequestMapping("访问路径")

 //映射访问路径
   @RequestMapping("/t2")
@RequestMapping注解用于映射url到控制器类或一个特定的处理程序方法。可用于类或方法上。
用于类上，表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是以该地址作为父路径。

访问路径：

• 访问路径：http://localhost:8080 / 项目名 / t2

访问路径包含嵌套