Js面向对象

今天R神打电话跟我说 Js面向对象。下午又不想研究对讲的程序。学一下吧

Js 创建对象的几种方法。

1. 这里先定义o为一个空的对象,然后为o设置了一堆属性。

function createPerson(name,age,job){ 
var o = {}; 
o.name = name; 
o.age = age; 
o.job = job; 
o.sayName = function(){ 
alert(this.name); 
}; 
return o; 

var tanya = createPerson("tanya","30","female"); 
var ansel = createPerson("ansel","30","male"); 
tanya.sayName(); 
ansel.sayName();

2.其实也可以直接给o属性的嘛,所以如果这样写也是ok的。

function createPerson(name,age,job){ 
var o = { 
name : name, 
age : age, 
job : job, 
sayName : function(){ 
alert(this.name); 

}; 
return o; 

var tanya = createPerson("tanya","30","female"); 
var ansel = createPerson("ansel","30","male"); 
tanya.sayName(); 
ansel.sayName();

3.还有一种办法是利用无敌的this,因为this就表示当前运行时的对象,将构造函数this的作用域指向新对象,将当前运行对象的属性和方法都赋给新对象,这样对象模式称为构造函数模式

function Person(name,age,job){ 
this.name = name; 
this.age = age; 
this.job = job; 
this.sayName = function(){ 
alert(this.name); 
}; 

var tanya = new Person("tanya","30","female"); 
var ansel = new Person("ansel","30","male"); 
tanya.sayName(); 
ansel.sayName();

4.  考虑下下面的情况

function Person(name,age,job){ 
this.name = name; 
this.age = age; 
this.job = job; 
this.sayName = function(){ 
alert(this.name); 
}; 

Person("tanya","30","female"); 
Person("ansel","30","male"); 
window.sayName(); 
window.sayName();

发现两次弹出的都是ansel,这是因为不用new的话,就不是一个person的实例,而仅仅在执行函数。而在全局作用域调用一个函数时this总是指向Global对象。而Global对象在浏览器中就是window对象。 
我们还可以用构造模式在另外一个对象中调用sayName方法,还记得Apply和call么,来吧再考虑另外一种情况,

5.

function Person(name,age,job){ 
this.name = name; 
this.age = age; 
this.job = job; 
this.sayName = function(){ 
alert(this.name); 
}; 

var olivia = {}; 
Person.call(olivia,"tanya","30","female"); 
olivia.sayName(); 
var philip = {} 
Person.apply(philip,["ansel","30","male"]); 
philip.sayName();

6.原型模式就要考虑原型链了,分析一下,sayName方法在实例中被重复定义了两次,但其实没有必要创造两个一样的副本。使用原型方法,可以使是tanya和ansel的共享一个sayName方法。 
于是原型模式的写法如下:

function Person(name,age,job){ 
this.name = name; 
this.age = age; 
this.job = job; 

Person.prototype.sayName= function(){ 
alert(this.name); 
}; 
var tanya = new Person("tanya","30","female"); 
var ansel = new Person("ansel","30","male"); 
tanya.sayName(); 
ansel.sayName();

7. 应该还可以这么写。

function Person(name, age, job) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.job = job;

if (typeof sayName != "function") {
this.sayName = function () {
alert(this.name);
}
}

}

var tanya = new Person("tanya", "30", "female");
var ansel = new Person("ansel", "30", "male");
tanya.sayName = function () {
alert("Hello");
};
tanya.sayName();
ansel.sayName();

小结:函数的call,apply 方法。 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/spectre/p/2959330.html