hive笔记:复杂数据类型-map结构

map 结构

 1. 语法:map(k1,v1,k2,v2,…)  

 操作类型:map ,map类型的数据可以通过'列名['key']的方式访问

案例:

  select deductions['Federal Taxes'],deductions['State Taxes'],

               deductions['Insurance']

  from employees

  limit 1;

  (1)如果没有查到结果可以使用if判断:

select if(deductions['Federal Taxes'] is null, 0, deductions['Federal Taxes'])

 from employees

 limit 1;

(2)我们也可以用UDTF把结果变成多行,比如:

select explode(deductions) from employees;

(3)有时候我们需要把name也查询出来:

错误写法:

select name, explode(deductions) from employees;

注意,Explode单独使用只能单个字段,如果要和别的字段一起使用必须使用lateral view explode

正确写法:

select name,dekey,devalue

from employees

LATERAL VIEW explode(deductions) dedView as dekey,devalue;

2. 查询方法

原表数据如下:

 (1)map_values(map):取map字段全部value

%jdbc(hive)

select cookie,map_values(mid)

from   temp.map_20181101

(2)使用下标访问map

%jdbc(hive)

select cookie,mid['2024']

from temp.map_20181101

(3)size()查看map长度即有多少键值对

%jdbc(hive)

select cookie,size(mid)

from temp.map_20181101

 (4)Lateral View语法将值展开为一个新的虚拟表

%jdbc(hive)

SELECT cookie,fixeddim_key,fixeddim_value

FROM temp.map_20181101

LATERAL VIEW explode(mid) myTable1 AS fixeddim_key,fixeddim_value

3.  创建含map数据类型的表和数据插入形式

(1) 建表:

hive> CREATE TABLE t3 (foo STRING, bar MAP<STRING,INT>)

    > ROW FORMAT DELIMITED

    > FIELDS TERMINATED BY '/t'

    > COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ','(必须使用)

    > MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ':'

> STORED AS TEXTFILE;

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sonia0087/p/9890889.html