Groovy语言学习--语法基础（4）

语法基础到此就结束了，毕竟其和Java许多地方并无差别。groovy作为脚本，是为了能更好地随业务变化调整规则，我根据自己对规则的理解

通过一张图简单描述一个groovy脚本场景：由于货币膨胀，经济收缩等未来一年的报价策略是变动的而且是未知的，可能到2019年的时候我们需要重新

写一个报价策略在代码中维护，为了不变更项目代码和服务停机等故障，通常我们会写一个规则引擎，当然我们也可以通过groovy脚本来织入新的策略，

有点像spring aop，所以groovy就是一把利器。

语法基础Demo,简述java织入groovy脚本的四种方式。

新建maven项目，项目结构如下：

引入对应的maven依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>slow</groupId>
    <artifactId>city</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <name>city</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>



    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-session-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
            <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.10</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven 
                defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
            <plugins>
                <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.7.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.0</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

在Java中集成Groovy应用的四种方式：GroovyShell GroovyScriptEngine GroovyClassLoader JavaApi

import groovy.lang.Binding;
import groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader;
import groovy.lang.GroovyObject;
import groovy.lang.GroovyShell;
import groovy.util.GroovyScriptEngine;

import java.io.File;

import javax.script.Invocable;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;

import org.jboss.logging.Logger;

public class GroovyJavaExample {

    Logger log = Logger.getLogger(getClass());
    /*
     * GroovyShell
     */
    public String groovySheel() {
        Binding binding = new Binding();
        binding.setVariable("name", "Tom");
        binding.setVariable("age", 16);
        binding.setProperty("favourite", "play paino");
        GroovyShell shell = new GroovyShell(binding);
        String script = "println "welcome to $name ;age is $age;favourite is $favourite "; return favourite";
        Object value = shell.evaluate(script);
        log.info("value:" + value);
        return value.toString();
    }

    /*
     * GroovyScriptEngine
     */
    public String groovyScriptEngineExample() {
        String result = "";
        try {
            // 定义groovy脚本引擎的根路径
            String[] roots = new String[] { ".\src\main\groovyscript" };  
            GroovyScriptEngine engine = new GroovyScriptEngine(roots);

            Binding binding = new Binding();
            binding.setVariable("language", "groovy");
            // script.groovy 脚本引擎根路径下的 脚本名
            Object value = engine.run("script.groovy", binding);
            log.info("value：" + value);
            result = value.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e);
        }
        return result;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes" })
    public String groovyClassLoader() {
        GroovyClassLoader loader = null;
        try {
            loader = new GroovyClassLoader();
            String groovyFilePath = "E:/workspace-eclipse/city/src/main/groovyscript/groovy1.groovy";
            Class groovyClass = loader.parseClass(new File(groovyFilePath));
            GroovyObject groovyObject = (GroovyObject) groovyClass.newInstance();
            String result = (String) groovyObject.invokeMethod("fun", "你好");

            log.info("groovy 脚本返回的结果：" + result);

            loader.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e);
        } 
        return null;
    }

    /*
     * java specification request 223 ScriptEngine接口
     */
    public String jsrApi() {
        String result = "";
        ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
        ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("groovy");
        String helloLanguage = "def hello(language){return "hello $language"}";
        try {
            engine.eval(helloLanguage);

            Invocable inv = (Invocable) engine;
            Object[] params = {"Groovy"};
            Object value = inv.invokeFunction("hello", params);
            log.info("value： " + value);
            result = value.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e);
        }
        return result;
    }
}