对于大型excel的创建且不会内存溢出的，就只有SXSSFWorkbook了。它的原理很简单，用硬盘空间换内存（就像hash map用空间换时间一样）。
private void writeToAlarmExcel(List<Map<String, Object>> list,String alarmTime, String subCenterName,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { String excelName = subCenterName+"电气火灾预警统计表"; response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String(excelName.getBytes("gb2312"), "ISO8859-1") + ".xlsx"); // 设置文件的名称 response.setContentType("application/msexcel;charset=gb2312");// 设置下载类型 OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream(); try { // 声明一个工作簿 XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook(); SXSSFWorkbook sxssfWorkbook = new SXSSFWorkbook(wb, 100);//内存中保留 1000 条数据，以免内存溢出，其余写入 硬盘 // 创建HSSFCellStyle单元格样式 CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle(); // 设置水平对齐的样式为居中对齐; cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 生成一个表格 Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("sheet1"); // 在sheet里创建第一行，参数为行索引(excel的行)，可以是0～65535之间的任何一个 Row row0 = sheet.createRow((int) 0); // 创建单元格（excel的单元格，参数为列索引，可以是0～255之间的任何一个 Cell cell = row0.createCell(0); // 设置单元格内容 String newTime=""; if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(alarmTime)) { if (alarmTime.trim().length() == 4) {// 2018 newTime = alarmTime+"年"; } else if (alarmTime.trim().length() == 7) {// 2018-06 String[] aStrings = alarmTime.split("-"); newTime = Integer.parseInt(aStrings[0])+"年"+Integer.parseInt(aStrings[1])+"月"; } else if (alarmTime.trim().length() == 10) {// 2018-07-02 String[] aStrings = alarmTime.split("-"); newTime = Integer.parseInt(aStrings[0])+"年"+Integer.parseInt(aStrings[1])+"月"+Integer.parseInt(aStrings[2])+"日"; } }else { newTime = DateUtils.DateToString(new Date(), "yyyy年MM月"); } //设置字体样式 Font beforefont = wb.createFont(); beforefont.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);//粗提显示 beforefont.setFontHeightInPoints((short)18); cellStyle.setFont(beforefont); cell.setCellValue(excelName); // 将样式应用于单元格 cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle); // 合并单元格CellRangeAddress构造参数依次表示起始行，截至行，起始列， 截至列 sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 7)); Cell cell2 = row0.createCell(8); // 创建HSSFCellStyle单元格样式 CellStyle cellStyle3 = sxssfWorkbook.createCellStyle(); // 设置字体样式 Font afterfont = sxssfWorkbook.createFont(); afterfont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10); cellStyle3.setFont(afterfont); cell2.setCellValue("（统计时间：" + newTime + "）"); cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle3); Row row1 = sheet.createRow((int) 1); //设置字体样式 CellStyle cellStyle2 = wb.createCellStyle(); Font font2 = wb.createFont(); font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);//粗体显示 font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short)11); cellStyle2.setFont(font2); row1.createCell(0).setCellValue("序号"); row1.getCell(0).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(1).setCellValue("单位"); row1.getCell(1).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(2).setCellValue("预警设施"); row1.getCell(2).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(3).setCellValue("预警地址"); row1.getCell(3).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(4).setCellValue("预警次数"); row1.getCell(4).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(5).setCellValue("首次预警时间"); row1.getCell(5).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(6).setCellValue("最后一次预警时间"); row1.getCell(6).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); row1.createCell(7).setCellValue("预警状态"); row1.getCell(7).setCellStyle(cellStyle2); int rowNum = 2; int num = 1; for (Map<String, Object> b : list) { int cellNo = 0; row1 = sheet.createRow(rowNum); row1.createCell(cellNo++).setCellValue(num++); row1.createCell(cellNo++).setCellValue(b.get("unitName") == null ? "" : b.get("unitName").toString()); row1.createCell(cellNo++) .setCellValue(b.get("deviceName") == null ? "" : b.get("deviceName").toString()); row1.createCell(cellNo++) .setCellValue(b.get("deviceAddress") == null ? "" : b.get("deviceAddress").toString()); row1.createCell(cellNo++).setCellValue(b.get("warnNum") == null ? "" : b.get("warnNum").toString()); row1.createCell(cellNo++) .setCellValue(b.get("firstWarnTime") == null ? "" : b.get("firstWarnTime").toString()); row1.createCell(cellNo++) .setCellValue(b.get("lastWarnTime") == null ? "" : b.get("lastWarnTime").toString()); row1.createCell(cellNo++) .setCellValue(b.get("operationState") == null ? "" : b.get("operationState").toString()); rowNum++; } wb.write(out); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new Exception("写入失败！"); } }