关于线程

在开发中经常会遇到线程的例子，如果某个后台操作比较费时间，我们就可以启动一个线程去执行那个费时的操作，同时程序继续执行。在某些情况下可能会出现多个线程的同步协同的问题，下面的例子就展示了在两个线程之间如何协同工作。

这个程序的思路是共同做一件事情（从一个ArrayList中删除元素）,如果执行完成了，两个线程都停止执行。

代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;

/// <summary>
/// 在开发中经常会遇到线程的例子，如果某个后台操作比较费时间，我们就可以启动一个线程去执行那个费时的操作，同时程序继续执行。在某些情况下可能会出现多个线程的同步协同的问题，下面的例子就展示了在两个线程之间如何协同工作。
///
///这个程序的思路是共同做一件事情（从一个ArrayList中删除元素）,如果执行完成了，两个线程都停止执行。
///作者：周公
/// 时间：2008-5-17
/// 原发地址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn
/// </summary>
public class ThreadDemo
{
    private Thread[] threads;
    private int thrs = 5;
    private ArrayList stringList;
    private event EventHandler OnNumberClear;//数据删除完成引发的事件
    public static void Main()
    {
        ThreadDemo demo = new ThreadDemo(100);
        demo.Action();
    }
    public ThreadDemo(int number)
    {
        Random random = new Random(1000000);
        stringList = new ArrayList(number);
        for (int i = 0; i < number; i++)
        {
            stringList.Add(i.ToString());
        }
        threads = new Thread[thrs];
        for (int i = 0; i < thrs; i++)
        {
            threads[i] = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));
            threads[i].Name = "线程" + (i + 1);
        }
        OnNumberClear += new EventHandler(ThreadDemo_OnNumberClear);

    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 开始工作
    /// </summary>
    public void Action()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < thrs; i++)
        {
            threads[i].Start();
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 共同做的工作
    /// </summary>
    private void Run()
    {
        string stringValue = null;
        while (true)
        {
            Monitor.Enter(this);//锁定，保持同步
            stringValue = (string)stringList[0];
            Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.Name + "删除了" + stringValue);
            stringList.RemoveAt(0);//删除ArrayList中的元素
            if (stringList.Count == 0)
            {
                OnNumberClear(this, new EventArgs());//引发完成事件
            }
            Monitor.Exit(this);//取消锁定
            Thread.Sleep(5);
        }
    }

    //执行完成之后，停止所有线程
    void ThreadDemo_OnNumberClear(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("执行完了，停止了所有线程的执行。");
        for (int i = 0; i < thrs; i++)
        {
            threads[i].Abort();
        }
    }
}

用例：

using PMS.DBEntity;
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;

namespace PMS.Convert.PDF
{
    public struct FileInfo
    {
        public int fileid;
        public string filepath;
    }


    public class ConvertSwf
    {
        static Queue<FileInfo> filelist = new Queue<FileInfo>();
        private static string rootpath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/");
        private static Thread t = null;
        private static string conn = "";
        public static void LoadQueue(int classid, string _conn)
        {
            conn = _conn;
            using (var entity = new PMSEntities(conn))
            {
                DALContent dal = new DALContent();
                var fileinfo = (from p in entity.jcms_normal_content
                                where p.ClassId == classid && p.IsPass == 1 && p.CustomField05.Substring(0, 10) == "pdf" && p.CustomField03 != null
                                select p);

                if (!fileinfo.Any())
                {
                    return;
                }
                foreach (var item in fileinfo)
                {
                    filelist.Enqueue(new FileInfo { fileid = item.Id, filepath = rootpath + "" + item.CustomField03.Remove(0, 1) });
                    item.CustomField05 = "convet";
                }
                entity.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
        public static void ExecTreade()
        {
            try
            {
                if (t == null)
                {
                    t = new Thread(Run);
                    t.Start();
                }
                if (!t.IsAlive)
                {
                    t = new Thread(Run);
                    t.Start();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {

                throw;
            }

        }

        public static string sourcefile = "";
        static string outfile = "";
        static void Run()
        {
            Pdf2Swf pdf2swf = new Pdf2Swf();
            string saveName = "";
            string extension = "";
            string outfile = "";
            int id = 0;
            using (var entity = new PMSEntities(conn))
            {
                while (filelist.Count > 0)
                {
                    FileInfo f = filelist.Dequeue(); ;
                    sourcefile = f.filepath;
                    id = f.fileid;
                    saveName = Path.GetFileName(sourcefile);
                    extension = Path.GetExtension(sourcefile).ToLower();
                    saveName = saveName.Substring(0, saveName.Length - extension.Length);
                    outfile = Path.GetDirectoryName(sourcefile) + "/" + saveName + "_%.swf";
                    try
                    {
                        pdf2swf.PDFConvertToSWF(sourcefile, outfile);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        throw ex;
                        continue;
                    }
                    var content = entity.jcms_normal_content.SingleOrDefault(p => p.Id == id);
                    if (File.Exists(outfile.Replace("_%", "_1")))
                    {
                        content.CustomField04 = "/" + outfile.Replace(rootpath, "").Replace("_%", "_[*,0]");
                        content.CustomField05 = "complete";
                        entity.SaveChanges();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        content.CustomField04 = "";
                        content.CustomField05 = "error";
                        entity.SaveChanges();
                    }
                }
            }
             
            t.Abort();

        }
    }
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyProject.Common
{
    public static class TaskUility
    {
        static TaskUility()
        {
            Run();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 开启线程
        /// </summary>
        public static void Run()
        {
            taskThread.Start();
        }
        //线程互斥  
        private static readonly object _syncObject = new object();
        //初始化队列  
        private static Queue<Action> taskList = new Queue<Action>();
        //初始化线程
        private static Thread taskThread = new Thread(RunTask);
        public static void Add(Action action)
        {
            lock (_syncObject)
            {
                // 把任务加入队列中
                taskList.Enqueue(action);
            }
        }

        private static void RunTask()
        {
            while (true)
            {
            Action action = null;
                 
                lock (_syncObject)
                {
                    //当队列有数据，出队.
                    if (taskList.Count > 0)
                    {
                        action = taskList.Dequeue();
                        // 执行action
                        if (action != null)
                        {
                            action();
                        }
                    }
                }
                Thread.Sleep(5); 
            }
        } 
    }
}

现在有100个任务，需要多线程去完成，但是要限定同时并发数量不能超过5个。

写个简单的类就完成了需求

    public class LimitedTaskFactoryEx
    {
        private readonly int _maxThreadCount = 5;

        public LimitedTaskFactoryEx(int maxThreadCount)
        {
            _maxThreadCount = maxThreadCount;
            Start();
        }

        private readonly SafedQueue<Action> _actionQueue = new SafedQueue<Action>();

        public void StartNew(Action action)
        {
            _actionQueue.Enqueue(action);
        }

        private void Start()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < _maxThreadCount; i++)
            {
                var thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(InternalRun));
                thread.Start();
            }
        }

        private void InternalRun()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                var action = _actionQueue.Dequeue();
                if (action != null)
                {
                    action();
                }
                else
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(30);
                }
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Index: {0}, TaskId: {1}, ThreadId: {2}.", 1, Task.CurrentId,
        Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId));
            }
        }
    }

定义个线程池ThreadPool
然后可以指定最小线程数量和最大线程数量,分别定义成0和5就行了
然后把方法用线程池执行

    public class MyTaskList
    {
        public List<Action> Tasks = new List<Action>();
 
        public void Start()
        {
            for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++)
                StartAsync();
        }
 
        public event Action Completed;
 
        public void StartAsync()
        {
            lock (Tasks)
            {
                if (Tasks.Count > 0)
                {
                    var t = Tasks[Tasks.Count - 1];
                    Tasks.Remove(t);
                    ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(h =>
                    {
                        t();
                        StartAsync();
                    });
                }
                else if (Completed != null)
                    Completed();
            }
        }
    }

测试

 var rnd = new Random();
            var lst = new MyTaskList();
            for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                var s = rnd.Next(10);
                var j = i;
                var 测试任务 = new Action(() =>
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(string.Format("第{0}个任务（用时{1}秒）已经开始", j, s));
                    Thread.Sleep(s * 1000);
                    Console.WriteLine(string.Format("第{0}个任务（用时{1}秒）已经结束", j, s));
                });
                lst.Tasks.Add(测试任务);
            }
            lst.Completed += () => Console.WriteLine("____________________没有更多的任务了！");
            lst.Start();

参考文摘：

如何简易的提高吞吐量 http://www.cnblogs.com/selfteam/p/4912602.html

C#任务队列的实现代码 http://blog.csdn.net/zwc0910/article/details/8127268  http://blog.csdn.net/tonnychu/article/details/46531001

多线程调用  ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390819824

为什么要放弃使用Thread.Sleep  http://www.cnblogs.com/fujet/p/4337392.html?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/shy1766IT/p/5115008.html