Elasticsearch Search APIs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Elasticsearch Search APIs

By:授客 QQ:1033553122 

 

1. 搜索 1

在单个索引的所有类型中搜索 1

在单个索引的指定类型中搜索 1

在多个指定的索引中搜索 1

在所有索引中搜索 1

2. URI搜索 2

3. 请求体搜索 4

1. query 5

2. from/size 5

3. sort 6

4. source filter 11

5. script field 13

6. doc field 17

7. post filter 18

8. search_after 22

 

测试环境:

Win elasticsearch-5.4.1

 

1. 搜索

在单个索引的所有类型中搜索

.customer索引中查找包含firstname字段,且值字段值包含单词brad的文档

GET /customer/_search?q=firstname:Brad

 

在单个索引的指定类型中搜索

.customer索引的external,sometype类型中查找包含firstname字段,且值字段值包含单词brad的文档

GET /customer/external,sometype/_search?q=firstname:Brad

 

在多个指定的索引中搜索

.customeraccount索引中查找包含firstname字段,且值字段值包含单词brad的文档

GET /account,customer/sometype/_search?q=firstname:Brad

GET /account,customer/_search?q=firstname:Brad

 

注意:索引之间只能以逗号隔开,不能有空格,比如account, customer

 

在所有索引中搜索

.在所有索引的sometype类型中查找包含firstname字段,且值字段值包含单词brad的文档

GET /_all/sometype/_search?q=firstname:Brad

 

.在所有索引中查找包含firstname字段,且值字段值包含单词brad的文档

GET /_all/_search?q=firstname:Brad

 

或者

GET /_search?q=firstname:Brad

 

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-search.html

 

 

2. URI搜索

常用参数说明:

q: 要查询的字段值

 

. customer索引external类型中查找字段值16623的文档

GET /customer/external/_search?q=16623

 

_source:指定文档中hits包含的字段值

 

. customer索引external类型中查找字段值16623的文档,仅返回firstname,lastname,balance字段

 

GET /customer/external/_search?q=16623&_source=firstname,lastname,balance

 

注意:字段值之间只能以逗号分隔,且不能包含空格,比如firstname, lastname,

sort:用于排序文档,格式 fieldNamefieldName:asc fieldName:desc

其中,asc表示按fieldName字段值升序排序,同不带fieldName,相反desc表示降序排序,可以按多个字段排序,格式形如 fieldName1:asc,fieldName2:desc,的先按字段fieldName1的值升序排序,fieldName1值相同的话,再按fieldName2的值降序排序

 

.查询customer索引external类型中的所有文档,按balance字段值升序排序。

GET /customer/external/_search?sort=balance:asc

 

.查询customer索引external类型中的所有文档,按balance字段值升序排序,balance字段值相同则按account_number降序排序。

GET /customer/external/_search?sort=balance:asc,account_number:desc

 

from:指定需要返回记录的起始索引,默认为0,可以理解为mysql查询 limit子句的 offset

 

size:需要返回的记录数,默认为10

 

 

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-uri-request.html

 

3. 请求体搜索

. 查询/customer索引,external类型中包含firstname字段,且值为Braw的记录

POST /customer/external/_search?pretty

{

   "query": {

      "term": {

         "firstname": "braw"

      }

   }

}

 

注意:PUT也可以替换为GET

注意:例中,如果把"firstname": "braw" 改成 "firstname": "Braw",查询查不到结果,估计默认设置的情况下,先把文档字段值转小写后进行的比较

 

返回结果部分截图

说明:默认情况下,查询结果不区分大小,但是字段名是区分大小写的。

 

常见参数:参考 URI搜索

 

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-body.html

 

1. query

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-query.html

 

2. from/size

.返回查询结果中,索引大于等于1的记录,总的返回一条记录

POST customer/external/_search?pretty

{

   "query": {

      "term": {

         "firstname": "braw"

      }

   },

   "from": 1,

   "size": 1

}

 

注意:from + size不能大于index.max_result_window设置的值(默认1000)

 

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-from-size.html

 

3. sort

sort 对查询结果排序

 

. 对查询结果排序,按account_number降序排序,account_number相同的情况下,按balance升序排序

POST customer/external/_search?pretty

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "sort": [

      {

         "account_number":{ "order": "desc"},

         "balance":"asc"

      }

   ]

}

 

说明:

1、desc:降序,asc:升序

如上,"account_number":{ "order": "desc"},也可以简单写成"account_number":"desc",

 

sort mode选项

mode选项用于字段值为数组列表、多个值组成的字段排序,可选值如下:

min

 

选择数组中的最小值,用于字段排序

 

max

选择数组中的最大值,用于字段排序

 

sum

使用数组中所有值总和,用于字段排序,仅限于字段值由数字组成的数组

 

avg

使用数组中所有值的均值,用于字段排序,仅限于字段值由数字组成的数组

 

median

使用数组中所有值的中位数,用于字段排序,仅限于字段值由数字组成的数组

 

按如下方式创建一些文档记录

PUT /product/fruit/4?pretty

{

    "product":"orange",

    "price":[12, 17, 22]

}

 

例子.price字段的数组均值降序排序查询结果

POST /product/fruit/_search

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "sort": [

      {

         "price": {

            "order": "desc",

            "mode": "avg"

         }

      }

   ]

}

 

 

嵌套对象里的排序

嵌套对象映射

.设置offer字段为嵌套对象(同时也会执行类型的创建操作)

PUT /product

{

   "mappings": {

      "myfruit": {

         "properties": {

            "offer": {

               "type": "nested",

               "properties": {

                  "price": {"type":"short"}

               }

            }

         }

      }

   }

}

 

PUT /product/myfruit/1?pretty

{

   "product": "orange",

   "offer": [{

      "price": [

         12,

         17,

         22

      ]

   }]

}

 

PUT /product/myfruit/2?pretty

{

   "product": "apple",

   "offer": [{

      "price": [

         14,

         10,

         9

      ]

   }]

}

 

PUT /product/myfruit/3?pretty

{

   "product": "apple",

   "offer": [

      {}

   ]

}

 

POST /product/myfruit/_search

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "sort": [

      {

         "offer.price": {

            "order": "asc",

            "mode": "avg",

            "nested_path":"offer"

         }

      }

   ]

}

 

说明:

nested_path:指明在哪个嵌套对象上进行排序

 

missing参数

missing参数用于指定,文档缺乏指定字段时的处理方式,missing参数值可以设置为_last(默认值,即位于最下方) _first(位于最上方)、或者其它自定义值,该参数值将用于排序。

 

修改上述例中,文档3如下

PUT /product/myfruit/3?pretty

{

   "product": "apple",

   "offer": [

      {}

   ]

}

 

POST /product/myfruit/_search

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "sort": [

      {

         "offer.price": {

            "order": "asc",

            "mode": "avg",

            "missing":"_first",

            "nested_path": "offer"

         }

      }

   ]

}

 

返回结果部分截图:

 

更多参考:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-sort.html

4. source filter

.不返回查询结果中的字段

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "_source":false

}

 

返回结果:

 

 

.仅返回查询结果中指定的字段,firstnameaccount_number

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "_source": [

      "firstname",

      "account_number"

   ]

}

返回结果部分截图

使用通配符

.仅返回查询结果中以em,或者字母a开头字段

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "_source": [

      "a*",

      "em*"

   ]

}

 

返回结果部分截图

includesexcludes

.仅返回查询结果中字段名以字符a开头,但不以em开头的字段

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "_source": {

      "includes": [

         "a*"

      ],

      "excludes": [

         "em*"

      ]

   }

}

 

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-source-filtering.html

 

 

5. script field

返回脚本计算值(基于不同字段)

.

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "script_fields": {

      "test1": {

         "script": {

            "inline": "doc['account_number'].value * 2"

         }

      },

      "test2": {

         "script": {

            "inline": "doc['account_number'].value * params.factor",

            "params": {

               "factor": 3

            }

         }

      }

   }

}

 

注意:这里,account_number为文档中已存在的字段名

 

返回结果

.

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "script_fields": {

      "test1": {

         "script": {

            "inline": "params.factor * params.factor",

            "params": {

               "factor": 3

            }

         }

      }

   }

}

 

返回结果

.访问 _source,返回firstname的值

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "script_fields": {

      "test1": {

         "script": "params['_source']['firstname']"

      }

   }

}

 

返回结果部分截图

注意:使用doc['my_field_name'].value比使用arams['_source']['my_field_name']更快更效率,推荐使用

 

参考链接:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-script-fields.html

 

 

6. doc field

.

POST /customer/external/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

    "docvalue_fields" : ["account_number", "test2"]

}

 

返回结果部分截图

7. post filter

filteraggregation完成后才被执行。

 

PUT /shirts

{

    "mappings": {

        "item": {

            "properties": {

                "brand": { "type": "keyword"},

                "color": { "type": "keyword"},

                "model": { "type": "keyword"}

            }

        }

    }

}

 

PUT /shirts/item/1?refresh

{

    "brand": "gucci",

    "color": "red",

    "model": "slim"

}

 

.仅返回搜索结果中包含colorredbrandgucci的文档记录

POST /shirts/_search

{

   "query": {

      "bool": {

         "filter": [

            {

               "term": {

                  "color": "red"

               }

            },

            {

               "term": {

                  "brand": "gucci"

               }

            }

         ]

      }

   }

}

 

.仅返回搜索结果中包含colorredbrandguccishirt,按model分组,按分组统计数降序排序

POST /shirts/_search

{

   "query": {

      "bool": {

         "filter": [

            {

               "term": {

                  "color": "red"

               }

            },

            {

               "term": {

                  "brand": "gucci"

               }

            }

         ]

      }

   },

   "aggs": {

      "models": {

         "terms": {

            "field": "model"

         }

      }

   }

}

 

返回结果部分截图

.

.仅搜索brand值为guccishirt,按color分组,降序展示每种colorshirt数量,同时,针对colorredshirt商品,按model分组统计,降序展示每种model的数量

 

POST /shirts/_search

{

   "query": {

      "bool": {

         "filter": {

            "term": {

               "brand": "gucci"

            }

         }

      }

   },

   "aggs": {

      "group_by_colors": {

         "terms": {

            "field": "color"

         }

      },

      "color_red": {

         "filter": {

            "term": {

               "color": "red"

            }

         },

         "aggs": {

            "group_by_models": {

               "terms": {

                  "field": "model"

               }

            }

         }

      }

   },

   "post_filter": {

      "term": {

         "color": "red"

      }

   }

}

 

说明:   "post_filter",作用于最后,不展示color不为redshirt记录

 

返回结果部分截图

8. search_after

.如下,每页只显示5条记录,按leve_vale降序排序,如果leve_vale相同则按_uid降序排序

POST /fenxi/fenxishuj/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "sort": [

      {

         "leve_vale":"desc",

         "_uid": "desc"

      }

   ],

   "size":5

}

 

返回结果部分截图

 

这时,在不改变页size值的情况下,我们想查看下一页的记录,咋办?

 

方案:把sort中的参数值,按出现顺序,依次传递给search_after

POST /fenxi/fenxishuj/_search?

{

   "query": {

      "match_all": {}

   },

   "search_after":[31,"fenxishuj#9"],

   "sort": [

      {"leve_vale":"desc",

         "_uid": "desc"

      }

   ],

   "size":5

}

 

注意:

1sort中的参数值要和search_after一一对应(数量&顺序的对应)

2、使用了search_after的情况下,如果要使用from参数,参数值只能为0 -1

 

参考资料:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-request-search-after.html

 


 

更多资料参考:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search.html

 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shouke/p/10157561.html