1、安装
查看有没有安装过：
yum list installed mysql*
rpm -qa |
grep mysql*
查看有没有安装包：
yum list
mysql*
安装mysql客户端：
yum install mysql
安装mysql
服务器端：
yum install mysql-server
配置MySQL
[root@sample
~]#vim /etc/my.cnf ←
编辑MySQL的配置文件
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#
Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
#
clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility
package).
old_passwords=1 ←
找到这一行，在这一行的下面添加新的规则，让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8
default-character-set = utf8 ←
添加这一行
然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句：
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
启动MySQL服务
[root@sample
~]# chkconfig mysqld on ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig
--list mysqld ← 确认MySQL自启动
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ←
如果2--5为on的状态就OK
[root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ←
启动MySQL服务
Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]
Starting MySQL:
[ OK ]
MySQL初始环境设定
[1]为MySQL的root用户设置密码
MySQL在刚刚被安装的时候，它的root用户是没有被设置密码的。首先来设置MySQL的root密码。
[root@sample
~]# mysql -u root ← 用root用户登录MySQL服务器
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands
end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version:
4.1.20
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the
buffer.
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ←
查看用户信息
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
| user |
host |
password |
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
| root
| localhost | | ← root密码为空
| root | sample.centospub.com
| | ← root密码为空
| | sample.centospub.com | |
| |
localhost | |
|root | %
|XXX |
| | |
|
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
4 rows in
set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set password for
root@localhost=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected
(0.01 sec)
mysql> set password for
root@'sample.centospub.com'=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码
Query OK, 0
rows affected (0.01 sec)只有设置了这个才可以，才可以通过数据库来安装网址
mysql> set
password for root@'xxx'=password('xxx'); ← 设置root密码
Query OK, 0 rows
affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ←
查看用户信息
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
|
user | host | password
|
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
|
root | localhost | 19b68057189b027f | ← root密码被设置
| root |
sample.centospub.com | 19b68057189b027f | ← root密码被设置
| |
sample.centospub.com | |
| | localhost |
|
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
4
rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit ←
退出MySQL服务器
Bye
然后，测试一下root密码有没有生效。
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ←
通过空密码用root登录
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
(using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -h
sample.centospub.com ← 通过空密码用root登录
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for
user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功
[root@sample
~]#mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to
the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录
Your MySQL
connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help.
Type 'c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@sample ~]#
mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com -p ← 通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ←
在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. ←
确认用密码能够成功登录
Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 4.1.20
Type
'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> exit ←
退出MySQL服务器
Bye
[2]
删除匿名用户
在MySQL刚刚被安装后，存在用户名、密码为空的用户。这使得数据库服务器有无需密码被登录的可能性。为消除隐患，将匿名用户删除。
[root@sample
~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to
the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear
the buffer.
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ←
查看用户信息
+------+----------------------------+
| user | host
|
+------+----------------------------+
| | localhost |
| root
| localhost |
| | sample.centospub.com |
| root |
sample.centospub.com |
+------+----------------------------+
4 rows in
set (0.02 sec)
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=''; ←
删除匿名用户
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> select user,host
from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
+------+----------------------------+
| user |
host |
+------+----------------------------+
| root |
localhost |
| root | sample.centospub.com
|
+------+----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00
sec)
mysql> exit ←
退出MySQL服务器
Bye
好了，下面都不是必须的
忘记密码：
service
mysqld stop
mysqld_safe --user=root
--skip-grant-tables
mysql -u root
use
mysql
update user set password=password("new_pass") where
user="root";
flush privileges;
数据库目录
/var/lib/mysql/
配置文件
/usr/share
/mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件）
相关命令
/usr/bin（mysqladmin
mysqldump等命令）