MD5，DES，RSA

　1，MD5

　　用途：

　　1 防止明文：加密后保存比较安全，下次加密检验；密码要复杂一点

　　2 防篡改：文件上传；文件下载防挂马；svn

　　3 防止抵赖：需要一个第三方认证，数字签名

    /// <summary>
    /// 不可逆加密
    /// 1 防止被篡改
    /// 2 防止明文存储
    /// 3 防止抵赖，数字签名
    /// </summary>
    public class MD5Encrypt
    {
        #region MD5
        /// <summary>
        /// MD5加密,和动网上的16/32位MD5加密结果相同,
        /// 使用的UTF8编码
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="source">待加密字串</param>
        /// <param name="length">16或32值之一,其它则采用.net默认MD5加密算法</param>
        /// <returns>加密后的字串</returns>
        public static string Encrypt(string source, int length = 32)//默认参数
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(source)) return string.Empty;
            HashAlgorithm provider = CryptoConfig.CreateFromName("MD5") as HashAlgorithm;
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(source);//这里需要区别编码的
            byte[] hashValue = provider.ComputeHash(bytes);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            switch (length)
            {
                case 16://16位密文是32位密文的9到24位字符
                    for (int i = 4; i < 12; i++)
                    {
                        sb.Append(hashValue[i].ToString("x2"));
                    }
                    break;
                case 32:
                    for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
                    {
                        sb.Append(hashValue[i].ToString("x2"));
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    for (int i = 0; i < hashValue.Length; i++)
                    {
                        sb.Append(hashValue[i].ToString("x2"));
                    }
                    break;
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }
        #endregion MD5

        #region MD5摘要
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取文件的MD5摘要
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fileName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string AbstractFile(string fileName)
        {
            FileStream file = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open);
            MD5 md5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] retVal = md5.ComputeHash(file);
            file.Close();

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < retVal.Length; i++)
            {
                sb.Append(retVal[i].ToString("x2"));
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }
        #endregion
    }

　　2，DES

　　可逆对称加密

    /// <summary>
    /// DES AES Blowfish
    /// 对称加密算法的优点是速度快，
    /// 缺点是密钥管理不方便，要求共享密钥。
    /// 可逆对称加密  密钥长度8
    /// </summary>
    public class DesEncrypt
    {
        private static byte[] _rgbKey = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Constant.DesKey.Substring(0, 8));
        private static byte[] _rgbIV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Constant.DesKey.Insert(0, "w").Substring(0, 8));

        /// <summary>
        /// DES 加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">需要加密的值</param>
        /// <returns>加密后的结果</returns>
        public static string Encrypt(string text)
        {
            DESCryptoServiceProvider dsp = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                CryptoStream crypStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, dsp.CreateEncryptor(_rgbKey, _rgbIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
                StreamWriter sWriter = new StreamWriter(crypStream);
                sWriter.Write(text);
                sWriter.Flush();
                crypStream.FlushFinalBlock();
                memStream.Flush();
                return Convert.ToBase64String(memStream.GetBuffer(), 0, (int)memStream.Length);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// DES解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="encryptText"></param>
        /// <returns>解密后的结果</returns>
        public static string Decrypt(string encryptText)
        {
            DESCryptoServiceProvider dsp = new DESCryptoServiceProvider();
            byte[] buffer = Convert.FromBase64String(encryptText);

            using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                CryptoStream crypStream = new CryptoStream(memStream, dsp.CreateDecryptor(_rgbKey, _rgbIV), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
                crypStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
                crypStream.FlushFinalBlock();
                return ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetString(memStream.ToArray());
            }
        }
    }


    public static class Constant
    {
        public static string DesKey = AppSettings("DesKey", "ruanmou1");
        
        private static T AppSettings<T>(string key, T defaultValue)
        {
            var v = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[key];
            return String.IsNullOrEmpty(v) ? defaultValue : (T)Convert.ChangeType(v, typeof(T));
        }
    }


    //app.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <startup>
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
  </startup>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="DesKey" value="eleven11"/>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

　　3，RSA

　　可逆非对称加密

　　加密钥  解密钥  钥匙的功能划分

　　公钥  私钥      公开程度划分

　　加密钥公开，解密钥揣兜里，有什么作用呢？  保证内容只有我看得到，防止外传

　　解密钥公开，加密钥揣兜里，有什么作用呢？  保证数据不能篡改，一定来自于我

    /// <summary>
    /// RSA ECC
    /// 可逆非对称加密 
    /// 非对称加密算法的优点是密钥管理很方便，缺点是速度慢。
    /// </summary>
    public class RsaEncrypt
    {

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取加密/解密对
        /// Encrypt   Decrypt
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>Encrypt   Decrypt</returns>
        public static KeyValuePair<string, string> GetKeyPair()
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            string publicKey = RSA.ToXmlString(false);
            string privateKey = RSA.ToXmlString(true);
            return new KeyValuePair<string, string>(publicKey, privateKey);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 加密：内容+加密key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <param name="encryptKey">加密key</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Encrypt(string content, string encryptKey)
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            rsa.FromXmlString(encryptKey);
            UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();
            byte[] DataToEncrypt = ByteConverter.GetBytes(content);
            byte[] resultBytes = rsa.Encrypt(DataToEncrypt, false);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(resultBytes);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 解密  内容+解密key
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <param name="decryptKey">解密key</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string Decrypt(string content, string decryptKey)
        {
            byte[] dataToDecrypt = Convert.FromBase64String(content);
            RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            RSA.FromXmlString(decryptKey);
            byte[] resultBytes = RSA.Decrypt(dataToDecrypt, false);
            UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();
            return ByteConverter.GetString(resultBytes);
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 可以合并在一起的，，每次产生一组新的密钥
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <param name="encryptKey">加密key</param>
        /// <param name="decryptKey">解密key</param>
        /// <returns>加密后结果</returns>
        private static string Encrypt(string content, out string publicKey, out string privateKey)
        {
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaProvider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            publicKey = rsaProvider.ToXmlString(false);
            privateKey = rsaProvider.ToXmlString(true);

            UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();
            byte[] DataToEncrypt = ByteConverter.GetBytes(content);
            byte[] resultBytes = rsaProvider.Encrypt(DataToEncrypt, false);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(resultBytes);
        }
    }

　　4，CA

　　

　　5，单边认证

　　

　　6，双边认证