144. Binary Tree Preorder Traversal(非递归实现二叉树的前序遍历)

Given a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes' values.

Example:

Input: [1,null,2,3]
   1
    
     2
    /
   3

Output: [1,2,3]

Follow up: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

方法一:递归

思路很简单,根左右

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public void preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        if(root==null) return ;
        System.out.print(root.val+' ');
        preorderTraversal(root.left);
        preorderTraversal(root.right);
    }
}

方法二:迭代

所有用递归的题都能用迭代解,递归无非是利用系统的函数栈,如果自己申请数据结构来代替函数栈,也能实现相同功能。

前序遍历是根左右,根先加入栈中,再弹出,每次弹出时,将弹出结点的右左子树加入,保证弹出的顺序是根左右。

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        if(root==null) return null;
        if(root!=null) {
            Stack<TreeNode> stack=new Stack<TreeNode>();
            List<Integer> list=new ArrayList<Integer>();
            stack.add(root);
            while (!stack.isEmpty()){
                root=stack.pop();
                list.add(root.val);
                if(root.right!=null) {
                    stack.add(root.right);
                }
                if(root.left!=null){
                    stack.add(root.left);
                }
            }
        }
        return list;
    }
}
苟有恒,何必三更眠五更起;最无益,莫过一日暴十日寒。
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/shaer/p/10670108.html