Autofac+Mvc4依赖注入

前段时间也研究了其他IOC框架，如unity、Castle、Autofac,相对来说Autofac比较简单，据说也是效率最高的。首先了解下控制反转和依赖注入 IoC把创建依赖对象的控制权交给了容器，由容器进行注入对象，所以对象与对象之间是松散耦合，利于功能复用，也使得程序的整个体系结构变得非常灵活。

　控制反转Ioc：调用者不主动创建被调用者实例，由IoC容器来创建;

依赖注入DI：把依赖关系注入到调用者；

Autofac+Mvc4 项目架构

Student.cs实体

1     public class Student
2     {
3         public string name { get; set; }
4         public int age { get; set; }
5         public string gender { get; set; }
6     }

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IStudentRepository.cs接口

1     public interface IStudentRepository
2     {
3         IEnumerable<Student> GetAll();
4     }

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StudentRepository实现接口

 1  public class StudentRepository : IStudentRepository
 2     {
 3         private List<Student> Articles = new List<Student>(){
 4             new Student { name = "张三", gender = "male", age = 12 },
 5             new Student { name = "李四", gender = "fmale", age = 15 },
 6             new Student { name = "王五", gender = "fmale", age = 13 }};
 7 
 8         /// <summary>
 9         /// 获取全部学生信息
10         /// </summary>
11         /// <returns></returns>
12         public IEnumerable<Student> GetAll()
13         {
14             return Articles;
15         }
16     }

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HomeControll.cs控制器

 1         #region [AutoFac注入]
 2 
 3         readonly IStudentRepository repository;
 4         //构造器注入
 5         public HomeController(IStudentRepository repository)
 6         {
 7             this.repository = repository;
 8         }
 9 
10         /// <summary>
11         /// AutoFac注入
12         /// </summary>
13         /// <returns></returns>
14         public ActionResult StudentIndex()
15         {
16             var data = repository.GetAll();
17             return View(data);
18         }
19         #endregion

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在App_Start文件夹中添加AutofacConfig.cs文件

 1 public class AutofacConfig
 2     {
 3         /// <summary>
 4         /// 负责调用autofac框架实现业务逻辑层和数据仓储层程序集中的类型对象的创建
 5         /// 负责创建MVC控制器类的对象(调用控制器中的有参构造函数)
 6         /// </summary>
 7         public static void Register()
 8         {
 9             ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
10             SetupResolveRules(builder); 
11             builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
12             builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).AsImplementedInterfaces();
13             var container = builder.Build();
14             DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container));
15 
16         }
17         /// <summary>
18         /// 所有需要注入的类型
19         /// </summary>
20         /// <param name="builder"></param>
21         private static void SetupResolveRules(ContainerBuilder builder)
22         {
23             builder.RegisterType<StudentRepository>().As<IStudentRepository>();
24         }
25     }

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在Global.asax.cs类Application_Start方法中注册Autofac

 1  public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
 2     {
 3         protected void Application_Start()
 4         {
 5             AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
 6 
 7             WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
 8             FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
 9             RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
10             BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
11             
12             AutofacConfig.Register();//AutoFac注入
13         }
14     }

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执行程序返回数据

可以参考http://www.cnblogs.com/bubugao/p/AutofacDemo.html文章，简单明了解释Autofac作用。

学无先后，达者为师