mysql主主复制+keepalived故障切换

服务器规划：

	mysql1：192.168.2.153	
	mysql2：192.168.2.154
	mysql-vip：192.168.2.157

主主复制：

  • 创建复制账号：
    主库：mysql> grant replication slave on . to repl@'192.168.2.%' identified by 'slave';
    备库：mysql> grant replication slave on . to repl@'192.168.2.%' identified by 'slave';
  • 配置主库和备库:修改my.cnf
#mysql1
[mysqld]
server-id = 26
port = 3306
user = mysql
basedir = /mvtech/mysql
datadir = /mvtech/mysql/data
tmpdir = /mvtech/mysql/
socket = /mvtech/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
auto_increment_offset = 1
auto_increment_increment = 2 
########## binlog ##########
log_bin = /mvtech/mysql/log/mysql-bin
binlog_format = row
binlog_cache_size = 2M
expire-logs-days = 7
########## error log ##########
log_error = /mvtech/mysql/log/mysql-error.log
########## slow log ##########
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /mvtech/mysql/log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 5
########## per_thread_buffers ##########
max_connections = 1024
max_connect_errors = 1000
key_buffer_size = 64M
max_allowed_packet = 128M
table_open_cache = 6144
table_definition_cache = 4096
sort_buffer_size = 512K
read_buffer_size = 512K
join_buffer_size = 512K
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 32
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
########innodb########
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:76M;ibdata2:1G:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 30G
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open_files_limit = 65535

mysql

#mysql2：
[mysqld]
server-id = 27
port = 3306
user = mysql
basedir = /mvtech/mysql
datadir = /mvtech/mysql/data
tmpdir = /mvtech/mysql/
socket = /mvtech/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
auto_increment_offset = 2
auto_increment_increment = 2 
########## binlog ##########
log_bin = /mvtech/mysql/log/mysql-bin
binlog_format = row
binlog_cache_size = 2M
expire-logs-days = 7
########## error log ##########
log_error = /mvtech/mysql/log/mysql-error.log
########## slow log ##########
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /mvtech/mysql/log/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 5
########## per_thread_buffers ##########
max_connections = 1024
max_connect_errors = 1000
key_buffer_size = 64M
max_allowed_packet = 128M
table_open_cache = 6144
table_definition_cache = 4096
sort_buffer_size = 512K
read_buffer_size = 512K
join_buffer_size = 512K
tmp_table_size = 64M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_concurrency = 32
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
########innodb########
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:76M;ibdata2:1G:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 30G
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open_files_limit = 65535

* 复制配置
		登陆mysql1：查看show binary logs;
		mysql2上操作：根据查询结果修改下面语句mysql2上操作：
			CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.2.153',
			MASTER_USER='repl',
			MASTER_PASSWORD='slave',
			MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000006',
			MASTER_LOG_POS=0;
		查看状态：show slave statusG
			Slave_IO_Running: No
                Slave_SQL_Running: No

		启动slave
			start slave
		查看mysql2状态：show slave statusG
			Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
		查看mysql2线程：
		show processlistG
		登陆mysql2：
		查看show binary logs;
		mysql> show binary logs;
		+------------------+-----------+
		| Log_name         | File_size |
		+------------------+-----------+
		| mysql-bin.000001 |       143 |
		| mysql-bin.000002 | 229383637 |
		| mysql-bin.000003 |       120 |
		+------------------+-----------+
		3 rows in set (0.00 sec)		


		mysql1操作：
			CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.2.154',
			MASTER_USER='repl',
			MASTER_PASSWORD='slave',
			MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
			MASTER_LOG_POS=120;	
		启动slave
			start slave
		查看mysql1状态：show slave statusG
			Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
		查看mysql1线程：
		show processlistG

keepalived配置：

* mysql1：keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP 
    interface em1
    virtual_router_id 61
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    nopreempt
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.157
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.2.157 3306 {
    delay_loop 2
    lb_algo wrr
    lb_kind DR 
    nat_mask 255.255.255.0
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.2.153 3306 {
        weight 3
        notify_down /mvtech/mysql/keepalive-mysql.sh
	TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 3306
        }
    }
}


* mysql2：keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP 
    interface em1
    virtual_router_id 61
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    nopreempt
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.157
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.2.157 3306 {
    delay_loop 2
    lb_algo wrr
    lb_kind DR 
    nat_mask 255.255.255.0
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.2.154 3306 {
        weight 3
        notify_down /mvtech/mysql/keepalive-mysql.sh
	TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
            connect_port 3306
        }
    }
}


#keepalive-mysql.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
service keepalived stop

服务启动

  • 启动
    1.启动mysql1上的mysql；登陆查看mysql-slave状态:show slave statusG；启动slave:start slave;
    2.启动mysql2上的mysql；登陆查看mysql-slave状态:show slave statusG;启动slave:start slave;
    3.启动mysql1上的keepalived；查看vip状态：ip addr
    4.启动mysql2上的keepalived。
  • 关闭
    1.查看vip漂在那台机器上，例如：在mysql1上；
    2.关闭mysql2的keepalived；
    3.关闭mysql1的keepalived；
    4.关闭mysql1上的mysql；
    5.关闭mysql2上的mysql。

keepalived模拟切换

  1. 关闭mysql1上的mysql，vip漂至mysql2主机上；
  2. 启动mysql1上的mysql同时启动keepalived，vip不漂回mysql1主机上，这是由于keepalive.conf 配置文件中将两台机器都设为backup，并增加nopreempt，此模式为不抢占模式。避免高并发网站频繁切换造成数据库数据不一致问题。

mysql主主复制测试

mysql1和mysql2上均新建数据库，检查同步现象

取消主主复制

mysql> show slave statusG
mysql> stop slave IO_THREAD;
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> reset master;
mysql> show slave statusG
mysql> reset slave all;

此时丛库已恢复至单机状态。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/sdhzdtwhm/p/9644597.html