let与var的区别

1.javascript严格模式

在js中直接运行

let hello="hello";
console.log(hello)

错误信息如下

let hello = 'hello';
^^^

SyntaxError: Block-scoped declarations (let, const, function, class) not yet supported outside strict mode
    ...

解决方法,在文件头添加javascript严格模式声明:

'use strict'
let hello="hello";
console.log(hello)

声明后未赋值,表现相同

'use strict';

(function() {
  var varTest;
  let letTest;
  console.log(varTest); //输出undefined
  console.log(letTest); //输出undefined
}());

使用未声明的变量,表现不同

(function() {
  console.log(varTest); //输出undefined(注意要注释掉下面一行才能运行)
  console.log(letTest); //直接报错:ReferenceError: letTest is not defined

  var varTest = 'test var OK.';
  let letTest = 'test let OK.';
}());

重复声明同一个变量时,表现不同

'use strict';

(function() {
  var varTest = 'test var OK.';
  let letTest = 'test let OK.';

  var varTest = 'varTest changed.';
  let letTest = 'letTest changed.'; //直接报错:SyntaxError: Identifier 'letTest' has already been declared

  console.log(varTest); //输出varTest changed.(注意要注释掉上面letTest变量的重复声明才能运行)
  console.log(letTest);
}());

变量作用范围,表现不同

'use strict';

(function() {
  var varTest = 'test var OK.';
  let letTest = 'test let OK.';

  {
    var varTest = 'varTest changed.';
    let letTest = 'letTest changed.';
  }

  console.log(varTest); //输出"varTest changed.",内部"{}"中声明的varTest变量覆盖外部的letTest声明
  console.log(letTest); //输出"test let OK.",内部"{}"中声明的letTest和外部的letTest不是同一个变量
}());
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/samsimi/p/6773280.html