类与对象

类和对象是面向对象编程的两个主要方面。创建一个新类型,而对象这个类的 实例 。这类似于你有一个int类型的变量,这存储整数的变量是int类的实例(对象)。都差不多,但是始终理解的很浅,写不出自己想要的东西来。

这是最简单的一个类

class person:
    pass
p = person()

print p

我们使用class语句后跟类名,创建了一个新的类。这后面跟着一个缩进的语句块形成类体。

我们使用类名后跟一对圆括号来创建一个对象/实例

#!/usr/bin/python
# Filename: objvar.py

class Person:
    '''Represents a person.'''
    population = 0

    def __init__(self, name):
        '''Initializes the person's data.'''
        self.name = name
        print '(Initializing %s)' % self.name

        # When this person is created, he/she
        # adds to the population
        Person.population += 1

    def __del__(self):
        '''I am dying.'''
        print '%s says bye.' % self.name

        Person.population -= 1

        if Person.population == 0:
            print 'I am the last one.'
        else:
            print 'There are still %d people left.' % Person.population

    def sayHi(self):
        '''Greeting by the person.

        Really, that's all it does.'''
        print 'Hi, my name is %s.' % self.name

    def howMany(self):
        '''Prints the current population.'''
        if Person.population == 1:
            print 'I am the only person here.'
        else:
            print 'We have %d persons here.' % Person.population

swaroop = Person('Swaroop')
swaroop.sayHi()
swaroop.howMany()

kalam = Person('Abdul Kalam')
kalam.sayHi()
kalam.howMany()

swaroop.sayHi()
swaroop.howMany()

简单的打印,定义了几个方法。其实写这个主要是逻辑要清晰,不然总是混乱不堪。基础知识快学完了。加油一波,兄弟。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sakura3/p/8393528.html