RHEL 8 配置Yum源及测试thefuck

1. 配置Yum源

RHEL系统安装完成之后，如果没有注册并购买红帽服务是无法连接到官方的Yum源的，也就无法直接使用Yum命令来安装软件包及更新系统。

[root@wuhan2020 /]# hostnamectl
   Static hostname: wuhan2020
         Icon name: computer-laptop
           Chassis: laptop
        Machine ID: 601eca308ef84823a9e0a775d944fa23
           Boot ID: 2b616f1426814536b6cd7a469718f588
  Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.1 (Ootpa)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8.1:GA
            Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-147.el8.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
[root@wuhan2020 /]# yum install thefuck
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Error: There are no enabled repositories in "/etc/yum.repos.d", "/etc/yum/repos.d", "/etc/distro.repos.d".
[root@wuhan2020 /]# 
[root@wuhan2020 /]# yum update
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Error: There are no enabled repositories in "/etc/yum.repos.d", "/etc/yum/repos.d", "/etc/distro.repos.d".
[root@wuhan2020 /]#

但是，我们可以禁用“Subscription Management”，然后配置成我们自己定义的Yum源，也就是Repository库。

可以自定义本地Yum源, 这个很简单，可参考之前的文档。这里我们使用阿里云开源镜像。

阿里云开源镜像
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/
下载CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/
cd   /etc/yum.repos.d/
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
[root@wuhan2020 /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
--2020-02-17 15:17:20--  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 47.246.28.228, 47.246.28.229, 47.246.28.224, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|47.246.28.228|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 2595 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘Centos-8.repo’

Centos-8.repo                100%[===========================================>]   2.53K  --.-KB/s    in 0s      

2020-02-17 15:17:22 (40.7 MB/s) - ‘Centos-8.repo’ saved [2595/2595]

[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# ls
Centos-8.repo  redhat.repo
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# mv redhat.repo redhat.repo_bak
####修改以下两个文件的Enable=0来禁用Subscription Management的提示。
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/product-id.conf
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/subscription-manager.conf
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:25 ago on Mon 17 Feb 2020 03:21:58 PM +04.
repo id                                        repo name                                                                      status
AppStream                                      CentOS-8 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com                                      5,093
base                                           CentOS-8 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                           2,080
extras                                         CentOS-8 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                             3
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]# yum grouplist
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:31 ago on Mon 17 Feb 2020 03:21:58 PM +04.
Available Environment Groups:
   Server
   Minimal Install
   Workstation
   Custom Operating System
   Virtualization Host
Installed Environment Groups:
   Server with GUI
Installed Groups:
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Container Management
   Development Tools
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Headless Management
   Network Servers
   Security Tools
   System Tools
Available Groups:
   .NET Core Development
   RPM Development Tools
   Scientific Support
   Smart Card Support
[root@wuhan2020 yum.repos.d]#

2. 安装并测试thefuck应用

需要先安装Python, Pip, Python-Devel

RHEL8默认已安装了Python3.6。

[root@wuhan2020 bin]# find /usr/bin/ -name python*
/usr/bin/python3.6
/usr/bin/python3.6m
/usr/bin/python3
/usr/bin/python-argcomplete-check-easy-install-script
/usr/bin/python-argcomplete-tcsh
[root@wuhan2020 bin]# ln -s /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python
[root@wuhan2020 /]# python -V
Python 3.6.8

需要手动安装python3-devel

[root@wuhan2020 ~]# yum install python3-devel

安装Pip

[root@wuhan2020 /]# python get-pip.py 
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-20.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.4 MB 1.3 MB/s 
Collecting wheel
  Downloading wheel-0.34.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (26 kB)
Installing collected packages: pip, wheel
  Attempting uninstall: pip
    Found existing installation: pip 9.0.3
    Uninstalling pip-9.0.3:
      Successfully uninstalled pip-9.0.3
Successfully installed pip-20.0.2 wheel-0.34.2


After the preparation environment is ready, start installing "Thefuck":
Install python pip
[root@wuhan2020 log]# pip -V
pip 20.0.2 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)

Install the setuptools module
[root@wuhan2020 log]# pip install -U setuptools
Requirement already up-to-date: setuptools in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (45.2.0)

安装thefuck

root@wuhan2020 ~]# python3 -m pip install thefuck
Collecting thefuck
  Using cached thefuck-3.29-py2.py3-none-any.whl (109 kB)
Collecting psutil
  Using cached psutil-5.6.7.tar.gz (448 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (1.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: colorama in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (0.4.3)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator in /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (4.2.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pyte in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (0.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pyte->thefuck) (0.1.8)
Building wheels for collected packages: psutil
  Building wheel for psutil (setup.py) ... done
  Created wheel for psutil: filename=psutil-5.6.7-cp36-cp36m-linux_x86_64.whl size=282020 sha256=d257a6b535f7e092f19dcb2e28d3940232bb33ecf2c960998c05bdcade73ff74
  Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/b2/b3/a3/551db06cebc9141c437c6b58aa751d3670471494e9f6d1428d
Successfully built psutil
Installing collected packages: psutil, thefuck
Successfully installed psutil-5.6.7 thefuck-3.29

配置环境变量

可以添加到bashrc或者/etc/profile文件都行。

[root@wuhan2020 /]# vi /etc/profile  

###修改profile文件，在末尾下面一行内容

alias fuck='eval $(thefuck $(fc -ln -1)); history -r'

[root@wuhan2020 /]# hostnamectl 
   Static hostname: wuhan2020
         Icon name: computer-laptop
           Chassis: laptop
        Machine ID: 601eca308ef84823a9e0a775d944fa23
           Boot ID: 2b616f1426814536b6cd7a469718f588
  Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.1 (Ootpa)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8.1:GA
            Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-147.el8.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
[root@wuhan2020 /]# hostnamcl
bash: hostnamcl: command not found...
[root@wuhan2020 /]# fuck
hostnamectl [enter/↑/↓/ctrl+c]
   Static hostname: wuhan2020
         Icon name: computer-laptop
           Chassis: laptop
        Machine ID: 601eca308ef84823a9e0a775d944fa23
           Boot ID: 2b616f1426814536b6cd7a469718f588
  Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.1 (Ootpa)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8.1:GA
            Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-147.el8.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
[root@wuhan2020 /]#

=====

在安装thefuck时，有遇到如下错误，原因是未安装Python3-devel. 

[root@wuhan2020 ~]# python3 -m pip install thefuck
Collecting thefuck
  Using cached thefuck-3.29-py2.py3-none-any.whl (109 kB)
Collecting psutil
  Using cached psutil-5.6.7.tar.gz (448 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (1.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator in /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (4.2.1)
Requirement already satisfied: colorama in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (0.4.3)
Requirement already satisfied: pyte in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from thefuck) (0.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth in /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pyte->thefuck) (0.1.8)
Building wheels for collected packages: psutil
  Building wheel for psutil (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'
'"'"', 
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/psutil
  gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DPSUTIL_POSIX=1 -DPSUTIL_VERSION=567 -DPSUTIL_LINUX=1 -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c psutil/_psutil_common.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/psutil/_psutil_common.o
  psutil/_psutil_common.c:9:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
   #include <Python.h>
            ^~~~~~~~~~
  compilation terminated.
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for psutil
  Running setup.py clean for psutil
Failed to build psutil
Installing collected packages: psutil, thefuck
    Running setup.py install for psutil ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'
'"'"', '"'"'
'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-w70uqb0g/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/local/include/python3.6m/psutil
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/
    Complete output (44 lines):
……
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/psutil
    gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -Wp,-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -DPSUTIL_POSIX=1 -DPSUTIL_VERSION=567 -DPSUTIL_LINUX=1 -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c psutil/_psutil_common.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/psutil/_psutil_common.o
    psutil/_psutil_common.c:9:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include <Python.h>
              ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a1ke_1aj/psutil/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'
'"'"', '"'"'
'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-w70uqb0g/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/local/include/python3.6m/psutil Check the logs for full command output.

　参考以下安装文档

https://github.com/nvbn/thefuck　

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/rusking/p/12326463.html