django+mysql用户登录系统，遇到问题及解决

添加：

ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'test.app_name_testmodel' doesn't exist") 解决：

1. 创建更改的文件python manage.py makemigrations

2. 将生成的py文件应用到数据库 python manage.py migrate

django __init__() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) 有两个参数值调到一个未解决

pip install Scrapy 错误

当前环境win10，python_3.6.1，64位。

在windows下，在dos中运行pip install Scrapy报错：

1 2	`building 'twisted.test.raiser' extension` `error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": http://landinghub.visualstudio.com/visual-cpp-build-tools`

解决方案

http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#twisted 下载twisted对应版本的whl文件（如我的Twisted‑17.5.0‑cp36‑cp36m‑win_amd64.whl），cp后面是python版本，amd64代表64位，运行命令：

pip install C:UsersCRDownloadsTwisted-17.5.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl

其中install后面为下载的whl文件的完整路径名

安装完成后，再次运行：

1	`pip install Scrapy`

3.Not Found: /favicon.ico

在head下面加

{% load staticfiles %}

django常用命令：

1. 新建一个 django project：django-admin.py startproject project_name

2. 新建 app：python manage.py startapp app_name

3. 创建数据库表或更改数据库表或字段：python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

4. 使用开发服务器：python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

5. 清空数据库：python manage.py flush

6. 创建超级管理员：python manage.py createsuperuser

修改用户密码：python manage.py changepassword username

7. 导出数据导入数据：

python manage.py dumpdata appname > appname.json
python manage.py loaddata appname.json
8. Django 项目环境终端：python manage.py shell

新建一个django项目

或者亦可:django-admin.py startproject mysqllogin

新建APP:python manage.py startapp app01

app01>models.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class User(models.Model):
    username=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    password=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.username

app01>views.py

#coding=utf-8
from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response
from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect
from django.template import RequestContext
from django import forms
from models import User

#表单
class UserForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(label='用户名',max_length=100)
    password = forms.CharField(label='密码',widget=forms.PasswordInput())

#注册
def regist(req):
    if req.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(req.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            #获得表单数据
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            #添加到数据库
            User.objects.create(username= username,password=password)
            return HttpResponse('regist success!!')
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render_to_response('regist.html',{'uf':uf})

#登陆
def login(req):
    if req.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(req.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            #获取表单用户密码
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            #获取的表单数据与数据库进行比较
            user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact = password)
            if user:
                #比较成功，跳转index
                response = HttpResponseRedirect('index.html')
                #将username写入浏览器cookie,失效时间为3600
                response.set_cookie('username',username,3600)
                return response
            else:
                #比较失败，还在login
                return HttpResponseRedirect('login.html')
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render_to_response('login.html',{'uf':uf})

#登陆成功
def index(req):
    username = req.COOKIES.get('username','')
    return render_to_response('index.html' ,{'username':username})

#退出
def logout(req):
    response = HttpResponse('logout !!')
    #清理cookie里保存username
    response.delete_cookie('username')
    return response

mysqllogin>setting.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    # url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^index/', views.index),
    url(r'^login/', views.login),
    url(r'^regist/', views.regist),
    url(r'^logout/', views.logout),
    url(r'^$', views.login),
]

templates>index.html

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title></title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>welcome {{username}} !</h1>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/">退出</a>
</body>
</html>

templates>login.html

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>登陆</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1 style="background-color: aqua">登陆页面：</h1>
<form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{uf.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value = "ok" />
</form>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/regist/">注册</a>
</body>
</html>

templates>regist.html

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>注册</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>注册页面：</h1>
<form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{uf.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value = "ok" />
</form>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/">登陆</a>
</body>
</html>

python manage.py shell

from app01.models import User

查询全部用户:User.objects.all()

新增用户:User.objects.create(username='xxx',password='xxx')