一.CBV和FBV
FBV function base views 用函数方法来处理请求
from django.http import HttpResponse
def my_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return HttpResponse('OK')
CBV class base views 用类来处理请求(面向对象)
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views import View
class MyView(View):
def get(self, request):
return HttpResponse('OK')
CBV class base views 用类来处理请求(面向对象)
views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views import View
class MyView(View):
def get(self, request):
return HttpResponse('OK')
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from myapp.views import MyView #引入我们在views.py里面创建的类
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^index/$', MyView.as_view()),
]
CBV传参，和FBV类似，有名分组，无名分组
第一种url写法：无名分组的
url(r'^cv/(d{2})/', views.MyView.as_view(),name='cv'),
url(r'^cv/(?P<n>d{2})/', views.MyView.as_view(name='xxx'),name='cv')
如果想给类的name属性赋值，前提你的MyView类里面必须有name属性（类属性，定义init方法来接受属性行不通，但是可以自行研究一下，看看如何行通，意义不大），并且之前类里面的name属性的值会被覆盖掉
类写法
class MyView(View):
name = 'robertx'
def get(self,request,n):
print('get方法执行了')
print('>>>',n)
return render(request,'cvpost.html',{'name':self.name})
def post(self,request,n):
print('post方法被执行了')
return HttpResponse('post')
第二种url写法: 也可以在url中指定类的属性(在url中设置类的属性Python)
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^index/$', MyView.as_view(name="robertx")), # 类里面必须有name属性，并且会被传进来的这个属性值给覆盖掉
]
二.给视图函数加装饰器
写一个装饰器:
def wrapper(func):
def inner(*args, **kwargs):
start_time = time.time()
ret = func(*args, **kwargs)
end_time = time.time()
print("used:", end_time-start_time)
return ret
return inner
1.使用装饰器装饰FBV
#添加班级
@wrapper
def add_class(request):
if request.method == "POST":
class_name = request.POST.get("class_name")
models.Classes.objects.create(name=class_name)
return redirect("/class_list/")
return render(request, "add_class.html")
2.使用装饰器装饰CBV
from django.views import View
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
class AddClass(View):
@method_decorator(wrapper)
def get(self, request):
return render(request, "add_class.html")
def post(self, request):
class_name = request.POST.get("class_name")
return redirect("/class_list/")
总体来说有三种方式:
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.views import View
@method_decorator(wrapper,name='get')#CBV版装饰器方式一
class BookList(View):
@method_decorator(wrapper) #CBV版装饰器方式二
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print('请求内容处理开始')
res = super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
print('处理结束')
return res
def get(self,request):
print('get内容')
# all_books = models.Book.objects.all()
return render(request,'login.html')
@method_decorator(wrapper) #CBV版装饰器方式三
def post(self,request):
print('post内容')
return redirect(reverse('book_list'))
3.dispatch() 分发的方式处理函数
请求过来之后会先执行dispatch()方法,如果需要批量对具体的请求处理方法.如get,post等做一些操作的时候,可以手动改写dispatch方法,这个dispatch方法就和在FBV上加装饰器一样
class Login(View):
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print('before')
obj = super(Login,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
print('after')
return obj
def get(self,request):
return render(request,'login.html')
def post(self,request):
print(request.POST.get('user'))
return HttpResponse('Login.post')