Spring-MVC配置方法

什么是spring-mvc

实现了mvc结构的spring模块，spring-mvc模块封装了web开发中的常用功能，简化了web过程。

DispatcherServlet处理浏览器发来的请求

HandlerMapping将请求转给指定的controller

ModelAndView模型，封装业务处理结果和视图

1新建工程，导入jar包

2在src下添加spring mvc 的xml配置文件，文件名为spring-mvc.xml，该名称不固定。

spring-mvc.xml的代码后面统一给出。

3web.xml中，配置DispathcherServlet前端控制器组件，代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>    
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

此时，部署到tomcat并启动就会显示springmvc信息

4配置spring handlermapping组件，在spring-mvc.xml中添加配置信息。

5新建控制处理类HelloController。在spring-mvc.xml中配置该controller为bean。

package com.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class HelloController implements Controller{

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0,
            HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("处理hello.form请求");
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");
        return mv;
    }
    
}

6添加ViewResolver组件配置

此时，spring-mvc.xml代码为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation=
       "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">
     <!-- 定义请求处理映射HandlerMapping -->
    <bean id = "handlerMapping"
             class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
            <!--指定请求和controller对应的关系 -->
            <property name = "mappings" ref = "urlMappings"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 定义请求映射表 map -->
    <util:properties id="urlMappings">
        <prop key="/hello.form">helloController</prop>
    </util:properties>
    
    <!-- 定义视图解析器viewResolver -->
    <bean id = "viewResolver"
           class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
           <property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
           <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 控制器bean配置 -->
    <bean id = "helloController"
          class = "com.controller.HelloController"/>
</beans>

7新建视图组件hello.jsp，在/WEB-INF/jsp中，spring-mvc.xml中已经配置。

<%@page pageEncoding="utf-8" contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Spring Hello World!</title>
</head>
<body>
      hello Spring MVC,日向 2016-01-12,Life is a war,and I must win!
</body>
</html>

8测试

目录结构，期间许多libraries未必必要：