使用beautifulsoup和pyquery爬小说

1. 

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup    #BeautifulSoup就是处理字符串的工具
import requests, sys

"""
类说明:下载《笔趣看》网小说《一念永恒》
Parameters:
    无
Returns:
    无
Modify:
    2017-09-13
代码出处
    https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/29809609 
"""
class downloader(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.server = 'http://www.biqukan.com/'
        self.target = 'http://www.biqukan.com/1_1094/'
        self.names = []            #存放章节名
        self.urls = []            #存放章节链接
        self.nums = 0            #章节数

    """
    函数说明:获取下载链接
    Parameters:
        无
    Returns:
        无
    Modify:
        2017-09-13
    """
    def get_download_url(self):
        req = requests.get(url = self.target)
        html = req.text
        div_bf = BeautifulSoup(html)
        div = div_bf.find_all('div', class_ = 'listmain')
        a_bf = BeautifulSoup(str(div[0]))
        a = a_bf.find_all('a')
        self.nums = len(a[15:])                                #剔除不必要的章节，并统计章节数
        for each in a[15:]:
            self.names.append(each.string)
            self.urls.append(self.server + each.get('href'))

    """
    函数说明:获取章节内容
    Parameters:
        target - 下载连接(string)
    Returns:
        texts - 章节内容(string)
    Modify:
        2017-09-13
    """
    def get_contents(self, target):
        req = requests.get(url = target)
        html = req.text
        bf = BeautifulSoup(html)
        texts = bf.find_all('div', class_ = 'showtxt')
        texts = texts[0].text.replace('xa0'*8,'

')  # .text去掉非文字的符号,是bs4的标签属性 .text属性包含了标签内的子标签的内容
        return texts

    """
    函数说明:将爬取的文章内容写入文件
    Parameters:
        name - 章节名称(string)
        path - 当前路径下,小说保存名称(string)
        text - 章节内容(string)
    Returns:
        无
    Modify:
        2017-09-13
    """
    def writer(self, name, path, text):
        write_flag = True
        with open(path, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(name + '
')
            f.writelines(text) #file.writelines(sequence)的参数是序列，比如列表，它会迭代帮你写入文件。
            f.write('

')  #file.write(str)的参数是一个字符串，就是你要写入文件的内容

if __name__ == "__main__":
    dl = downloader()
    dl.get_download_url()
    print('《一年永恒》开始下载：')
    for i in range(dl.nums):
        dl.writer(dl.names[i], '一念永恒.txt', dl.get_contents(dl.urls[i]))
        sys.stdout.write("  已下载:%.3f%%" %  float(i/dl.nums) + '
')    #其中%.3f表示精确到3位， 后面的2个%表示字符”%“，在3位小数后面会显示出来一个%   '
'表示换行符
        sys.stdout.flush()    #刷新stdout缓存，这样会实时的显示输出。https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/575650032.html
    print('《一年永恒》下载完成')

2. 用pquery改写代码如下，增加了可以定量下载小说的功能，并且在动态输出进程改写为 类似 50%的格式，而不是0.50 %，

# 爬取笔趣阁小说
# encoding: utf-8
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
import sys

class downloader():


    def __init__(self):
        self.base_server = 'http://www.biqukan.com'
        self.base_url = 'http://www.biqukan.com/1_1094/'
        self.url_list = []
        self.full_urls = []
        self.nums = 0
        self.wanted_pages_num = 0


    def get_url(self): 
        doc = pq(self.base_url)
        target_a = doc('dd a').items()
        for each_a in target_a:
            each_url = each_a.attr.href
            self.url_list.append(each_url)
        self.nums= len(self.url_list)
        for each in self.url_list[15:]:
            each_full_url = self.base_server + each
            self.full_urls.append(each_full_url)



    def get_content(self,target):
        content = pq(target)
        text = content('#content').text()
        head = content('h1').text()
        full_text = (head+'
'*2+text)
        return full_text



    
    def writer(self,path,text):
        with open(path, 'a') as f:
            f.write(text+'
')



    def choose_page(self):
        begin = input('please input your starting page: ')
        end = input('please input your ending page: ')
        self.wanted_pages_num = int(end)-int(begin)
        return self.wanted_pages_num
        




if __name__ == "__main__":
    dl = downloader()
    dl.get_url()
    print("总章节数: ", dl.nums)

    number = dl.choose_page()
    for i in range(number1):
        each_url = dl.full_urls[i]
        each_text = dl.get_content(each_url)
        dl.writer('321.txt',each_text)
        

        x = (i / number * 100)
        sys.stdout.write("已下载:%.2f %% " % x + '
')
        sys.stdout.flush()