Solution -「国家集训队」「洛谷 P2839」Middle

(mathcal{Description})

  Link.

  给定序列 ({a_n})(q) 组询问,给定 (a<b<c<d),求 (lle[a,b],rle[c,d]) 的子序列 ([l,r]) 的中位数最大值。若长度为偶数,中位数取中间两数较大的一个。强制在线。

  (nle2 imes10^4)(qle2.5 imes10^4)

(mathcal{Solution})

crashed:众所周知,中位数是可以二分的。

  考虑单组询问,二分中位数 (mid),把序列中大于等于 (mid) 的值设为 (1),小于 (mid) 的值设为 (0),求出满足条件的 ([l,r]) 的序列和的最大值。若最大值是非负数,表明 (mid) 可行,且还能增大;否则只能减少。

  多组询问,发现对于每个 (mid),序列的长相都不尽相同。但序列的变化是极其有限的——当 (mid) 递增,每个位置只会又 (1) 变为 (0) 一次。

  由此可以想到主席树。离散化之后,预处理 (mid=1,2,dots,n) 时的序列,建成主席树。树上维护区间和,区间最大前缀,区间最大后缀。处理询问时仍二分 (mid),利用以 (mid) 为根的这棵权值线段树的信息,求出区间最大和。显然最大和为 ([a,b) ext{最大后缀}+[b,c] ext{之和}+(c,d] ext{最大前缀}),判断正负情况即可。由于二分时答案会尽量靠右,而最大的答案一定恰好是序列中的某个值,所以不必担心答案不在序列中的情况。

  复杂度 (mathcal O(nlog^2n))

(mathcal{Code})

#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

typedef std::pair<int, int> pii;

const int MAXN = 20000;
int n, a[MAXN + 5], tval[MAXN + 5], root[MAXN + 5];
std::vector<int> apr[MAXN + 5];

inline int rint () {
	int x = 0; char s = getchar ();
	for ( ; s < '0' || '9' < s; s = getchar () );
	for ( ; '0' <= s && s <= '9'; s = getchar () ) x = x * 10 + ( s ^ '0' );
	return x;
}

inline int max_ ( const int a, const int b ) { return a < b ? b : a; }

struct PersistentSegmentTree {
	static const int MAXND = MAXN * 40;
	int cntnd, ch[MAXND + 5][2], sum[MAXND + 5], lmx[MAXND + 5], rmx[MAXND + 5];

	inline void pushup ( const int rt ) {
		sum[rt] = sum[ch[rt][0]] + sum[ch[rt][1]];
		lmx[rt] = max_ ( lmx[ch[rt][0]], sum[ch[rt][0]] + lmx[ch[rt][1]] );
		rmx[rt] = max_ ( rmx[ch[rt][1]], sum[ch[rt][1]] + rmx[ch[rt][0]] );
	}

	inline void build ( int& rt, const int l, const int r ) {
		rt = ++ cntnd;
		if ( l == r ) return sum[rt] = lmx[rt] = rmx[rt] = 1, void ();
		int mid = l + r >> 1;
		build ( ch[rt][0], l, mid ), build ( ch[rt][1], mid + 1, r );
		pushup ( rt );
	}

	inline void update ( int& rt, const int l, const int r, const int x ) {
		int old = rt; rt = ++ cntnd;
		ch[rt][0] = ch[old][0], ch[rt][1] = ch[old][1];
		sum[rt] = sum[old], lmx[rt] = lmx[old], rmx[rt] = rmx[old];
		if ( l == r ) return sum[rt] = -1, lmx[rt] = rmx[rt] = 0, void ();
		int mid = l + r >> 1;
		if ( x <= mid ) update ( ch[rt][0], l, mid, x );
		else update ( ch[rt][1], mid + 1, r, x );
		pushup ( rt );
	}

	inline int qrySum ( const int rt, const int l, const int r, const int ql, const int qr ) {
		if ( ql <= l && r <= qr ) return sum[rt];
		int mid = l + r >> 1, ret = 0;
		if ( ql <= mid ) ret += qrySum ( ch[rt][0], l, mid, ql, qr );
		if ( mid < qr ) ret += qrySum ( ch[rt][1], mid + 1, r, ql, qr );
		return ret;
	}

	inline pii qryLmx ( const int rt, const int l, const int r, const int ql, const int qr ) {
		if ( ql <= l && r <= qr ) return { lmx[rt], sum[rt] };
		int mid = l + r >> 1, ret = 0, s = 0; pii tmp;
		if ( ql <= mid ) {
			tmp = qryLmx ( ch[rt][0], l, mid, ql, qr );
			ret = tmp.first, s = tmp.second;
		}
		if ( mid < qr ) {
			tmp = qryLmx ( ch[rt][1], mid + 1, r, ql, qr );
			ret = max_ ( ret, s + tmp.first ), s += tmp.second;
		}
		return { ret, s };
	}

	inline pii qryRmx ( const int rt, const int l, const int r, const int ql, const int qr ) {
		if ( ql <= l && r <= qr ) return { rmx[rt], sum[rt] };
		int mid = l + r >> 1, ret = 0, s = 0; pii tmp;
		if ( mid < qr ) {
			tmp = qryRmx ( ch[rt][1], mid + 1, r, ql, qr );
			ret = tmp.first, s = tmp.second;
		}
		if ( ql <= mid ) {
			tmp = qryRmx ( ch[rt][0], l, mid, ql, qr );
			ret = max_ ( ret, s + tmp.first ), s += tmp.second;
		}
		return { ret, s };
	}
} pst;

int main () {
	n = rint ();
	for ( int i = 1; i <= n; ++ i ) a[i] = tval[i] = rint ();
	std::sort ( tval + 1, tval + n + 1 );
	int lim = std::unique ( tval + 1, tval + n + 1 ) - tval - 1;
	for ( int i = 1; i <= n; ++ i ) {
		a[i] = std::lower_bound ( tval + 1, tval + lim + 1, a[i] ) - tval;
		apr[a[i]].push_back ( i );
	}
	pst.build ( root[1], 1, n ); // 注意这里n的意义成为了序列长度,不要与lim搞混。
	for ( int i = 2; i <= lim; ++ i ) {
		root[i] = root[i - 1];
		for ( int p: apr[i - 1] ) pst.update ( root[i], 1, n, p );
	}
	for ( int q = rint (), ans = 0, tmp[4]; q --; ) {
		for ( int i = 0; i < 4; ++ i ) tmp[i] = ( rint () + ans ) % n + 1;
		std::sort ( tmp, tmp + 4 );
		int l = 1, r = lim;
		while ( l <= r ) {
			int mid = l + r >> 1;
			int cnt = pst.qrySum ( root[mid], 1, n, tmp[1], tmp[2] )
					+ pst.qryLmx ( root[mid], 1, n, tmp[2] + 1, tmp[3] ).first
					+ pst.qryRmx ( root[mid], 1, n, tmp[0], tmp[1] - 1 ).first;
			if ( cnt >= 0 ) l = ( ans = mid ) + 1;
			else r = mid - 1;
		}
		printf ( "%d
", ans = tval[ans] );
	}
	return 0;
}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/rainybunny/p/13455279.html