2018-2019 20165216《信息安全系统设计基础》实验三 并发程序
实验三-并发程序-1
任务详情
- 学习使用Linux命令wc(1)
- 基于Linux Socket程序设计实现wc(1)服务器（端口号是学号的后6位）和客户端
客户端传一个文本文件给服务器
服务器返回文本文件中的单词数 - 上传代码并至少测试附件中的二个文件
实验步骤
使用man -k wc查找相关命令
继续使用man 1 wc查找相关指令
代码展示 serve.c
#include<netinet/in.h> // sockaddr_in #include<sys/types.h> // socket #include<sys/socket.h> // socket #include<stdio.h> // printf #include<stdlib.h> // exit #include<string.h> // bzero #define SERVER_PORT 165216 #define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE 20 #define BUFFER_SIZE 1024 #define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512 int main(void) { // 声明并初始化一个服务器端的socket地址结构 struct sockaddr_in server_addr; bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY); server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // 创建socket，若成功，返回socket描述符 int server_socket_fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if(server_socket_fd < 0) { perror("Create Socket Failed:"); exit(1); } int opt = 1; setsockopt(server_socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt)); // 绑定socket和socket地址结构 if(-1 == (bind(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)))) { perror("Server Bind Failed:"); exit(1); } // socket监听 if(-1 == (listen(server_socket_fd, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE))) { perror("Server Listen Failed:"); exit(1); } while(1) { // 定义客户端的socket地址结构 struct sockaddr_in client_addr; socklen_t client_addr_length = sizeof(client_addr); // 接受连接请求，返回一个新的socket(描述符)，这个新socket用于同连接的客户端通信 // accept函数会把连接到的客户端信息写到client_addr中 int new_server_socket_fd = accept(server_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_length); if(new_server_socket_fd < 0) { perror("Server Accept Failed:"); break; } // recv函数接收数据到缓冲区buffer中 char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); if(recv(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0) { perror("Server Recieve Data Failed:"); break; } // 然后从buffer(缓冲区)拷贝到file_name中 char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1]; bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1); strncpy(file_name, buffer, strlen(buffer)>FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE?FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE:strlen(buffer)); printf("%s ", file_name); // 打开文件，准备写入 FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "w"); if(NULL == fp) { printf("File: %s Can Not Open To Write ", file_name); exit(1); } // 从客户端接收数据到buffer中 // 每接收一段数据，便将其写入文件中，循环直到文件接收完并写完为止 bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); int length = 0; while((length = recv(new_server_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0)) > 0) { if(strcmp(buffer,"OK")==0) break; if(fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), length, fp) < length) { printf("File: %s Write Failed ", file_name); break; } bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); } // 接收成功后，关闭文件，关闭socket printf("Receive File: %s From Client IP Successful! ", file_name); fclose(fp); // 统计文件单词个数，并发送给客户端 int words=0; char s[100]; FILE *fp2; if((fp2=fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL){ printf("ERROR! "); exit(0); } while(fscanf(fp2,"%s",s)!=EOF) words++; fclose(fp2); //printf("%d words. ",words); sprintf(buffer,"%d",words); send(new_server_socket_fd,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0); //send(new_server_socket_fd,&words,sizeof(words),0); close(new_server_socket_fd); // 关闭与客户端的连接 } // 关闭监听用的socket close(server_socket_fd); return 0; }
client.c
#include<netinet/in.h> // sockaddr_in
#include<sys/types.h> // socket
#include<sys/socket.h> // socket
#include<stdio.h> // printf
#include<stdlib.h> // exit
#include<string.h> // bzero
#define SERVER_PORT 165216
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512
int main()
{
// 声明并初始化一个客户端的socket地址结构
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
bzero(&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr));
client_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
client_addr.sin_port = htons(0);
// 创建socket，若成功，返回socket描述符
int client_socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(client_socket_fd < 0)
{
perror("Create Socket Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 绑定客户端的socket和客户端的socket地址结构 非必需
if(-1 == (bind(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, sizeof(client_addr))))
{
perror("Client Bind Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 声明一个服务器端的socket地址结构，并用服务器那边的IP地址及端口对其进行初始化，用于后面的连接
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &server_addr.sin_addr) == 0)
{
perror("Server IP Address Error:");
exit(1);
}
server_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
socklen_t server_addr_length = sizeof(server_addr);
// 向服务器发起连接，连接成功后client_socket_fd代表了客户端和服务器的一个socket连接
if(connect(client_socket_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, server_addr_length) < 0)
{
perror("Can Not Connect To Server IP:");
exit(0);
}
// 输入文件名，并放到缓冲区buffer中等待发送
char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
printf("Please Input File Name On Client: ");
scanf("%s", file_name);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));
// 向服务器发送buffer中的数据
if(send(client_socket_fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0) < 0)
{
perror("Send File Name Failed:");
exit(1);
}
// 打开文件并读取文件数据
FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "r");
if(NULL == fp)
{
printf("File:%s Not Found
", file_name);
}
else
{
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
int length = 0;
// 每读取一段数据，便将其发送给服务器，循环直到文件读完为止
while((length = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), BUFFER_SIZE, fp)) > 0)
{
if(send(client_socket_fd, buffer, length, 0) < 0)
{
printf("Send File:%s Failed./n", file_name);
break;
}
bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
// 关闭文件
fclose(fp);
printf("File:%s Transfer Successful!
", file_name);
char s[50];
scanf("%s",s);
send(client_socket_fd,"OK",BUFFER_SIZE,0);
recv(client_socket_fd,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0);
printf("%d words.
",atoi(buffer));
}
close(client_socket_fd);
return 0;
}
运行截图
实验三-并发程序-2
任务详情
- 使用多线程实现wc服务器并使用同步互斥机制保证计数正确
- 上方提交代码
- 下方提交测试
- 对比单线程版本的性能，并分析原因
代码展示
serve2.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 165216
#define BUFF_SIZE 1024
#define LISTEN_SIZE 20
typedef struct{
char type;
char data[BUFF_SIZE];
}m_package;
void* process_client();
int main(){
int ss = create_tcp_server(PORT);
if(-1 == ss)
exit(-1);
while(1){
//接受客户端连接
socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
struct sockaddr_in client_addr; //客户端地址结构
int client_sock = accept(ss, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &addrlen);
if(client_sock < 0){
printf("accept error
");
}
printf("accept success
");
pthread_t pid;
if(pthread_create(&pid, NULL, process_client, &client_sock) < 0){
printf("pthread_create error
");
}
}
}
//处理客户端程序
void *process_client(void *arg){
int size = 0, fd, count = 0, sockid = *(int*)arg;
m_package pac;
long total = 0, cur = 0;
//循环接收文件
while(1) {
memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
size = read(sockid, &pac, sizeof(pac));
if(size > 0){
if (pac.type == 1){
fd = open(pac.data, O_CREAT|O_WRONLY, 0777);
if(-1 == fd){
printf("open file error!
");
continue;
}
count = total = cur = 0;
}
else if (pac.type == 2){
cur += write(fd, pac.data, strlen(pac.data));
if(count++ % 5000 == 0){
printf("recv from client < %d > : %.01lf\%
", sockid, cur * 100.0 / total);
count = 0;
}
}
else if (pac.type == 3){
printf("recv from client < %d > : 100.0\%
", sockid);
printf("recv success
");
close(fd);
}
else if(pac.type == 4){//文件长度
total = strtol(pac.data, NULL, 10);
printf("%ld
", total);
}
}else{
printf("client disconnected
");
close(sockid);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
int start_server(int port, int type){
//建立服务器套接字
int ss = socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
if(ss < 0){
printf("create socket error
");
return -1;
}
//设置服务器地址
struct sockaddr_in server_addr; //服务器地址结构
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); //清零
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; //协议族
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); //ip地址
server_addr.sin_port = htons(port); //端口
//绑定地址结构到套接字描述符
if(bind(ss, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0){
printf("bind error
");
return -1;
}
//TCP
if(SOCK_STREAM == type){
//设置侦听
if(listen(ss, LISTEN_SIZE) < 0){
printf("listen error
");
return -1;
}
printf("tcp server start
");
}
else
printf("udp server start
");
return ss;
}
int create_tcp_server(int port){
start_server(port, SOCK_STREAM);
}
int create_udp_server(int port){
start_server(port, SOCK_DGRAM);
}
client2.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 165216
#define BUFF_SIZE 1024
#define LISTEN_SIZE 20
typedef struct{
char type;
char data[BUFF_SIZE];
}m_package;
int main(){
//创建连接
int sock_fd = connect_tcp("127.0.0.1", PORT);
if(-1 == sock_fd)
return -1;
m_package pac;
int fd, cur = 0, count = 0;
long filesize = 0;
while(1){
//打开文件
memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
pac.type = 1;
// strcpy(pac.data, "/home/SKZH/a.txt");
scanf("%s", pac.data);
//获取文件信息
struct stat sfile;
stat(pac.data, &sfile );
filesize = sfile.st_size;
time_t t;
long begin = time(&t);
cur = count = 0;
fd = open(pac.data, O_RDONLY);
if(-1 == fd){
printf("file open error
");
continue;
}
//读取文件并发送
//发送文件名
strcpy(pac.data, strrchr(pac.data, '/') + 1);
write(sock_fd, &pac, sizeof(pac));
memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
//发送文件长度
pac.type = 4;
sprintf(pac.data,"%ld",filesize);
write(sock_fd, &pac, sizeof(pac));
memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
int read_len = 0;
while((read_len = read(fd, pac.data, BUFF_SIZE)) > 0){
pac.type = 2;
write(sock_fd, &pac, sizeof(pac));
memset(&pac, 0, sizeof(pac));
cur += read_len;
if(count++ % 5000 == 0){
count = 0;
printf("send to server : %.1lf\%
", cur * 100.0 / filesize);
}
}
//发送结束标记
memset(&pac, 3, sizeof(pac));
write(sock_fd, &pac, BUFF_SIZE + 1);
close(fd);
printf("send to server : 100.0\%
");
printf("file size : %d B
", filesize);
printf("time : %ld ms
", time(&t) - begin);
printf("send file success
");
printf("------------------------
");
}
close(sock_fd);
}
int connectsock(char* server_ip, int server_port, int type){
int sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, type, 0);
if(-1 == sock_fd){
printf("create socket error
");
return -1;
}
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
//设置服务器地址
bzero(&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server_addr.sin_port = htons(server_port);
inet_pton(AF_INET, server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);
//连接服务器
if(-1 == connect(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))){
printf("connect server error
");
return -1;
}
printf("connect server success
");
return sock_fd;
}
int connect_tcp(char* server_ip, int server_port){
return connectsock(server_ip, server_port, SOCK_STREAM);
}
int connect_udp(char* server_ip, int server_port){
return connectsock(server_ip, server_port, SOCK_DGRAM);
}
运行截图
对比单线程的性能，并分析原因
线程是程序中的一个执行流，每个线程都有自己的专有寄存器(栈指针、程序计数器等)，但代码区是共享的。而多线程，则是多个执行流的意思。而这样做的好处是显而易见的，它可以将任务的多个部分分给不同线程，各自的完成自己的任务，增加时间效率，而单线程必须在上一任务完成的情况下才能进行下个任务。
而且，多线程还可以提升CPU的利用率，假如顺序完成任务中的一环需要占用的CPU是10%，那么剩下的90%就可以说是浪费了，而多线程能够提升这个利用率。
当然，线程越多并不是越好，如果希望通过多线程执行任务让程序运行得更快，会面临非常多的挑战，比如上下文切换的问题、死锁的问题，以及受限于硬件和软件的资源限制问题.
就上下文切换来说，cpu以很高的频率进行线程的切换而分配给线程，让我们感觉是同时进行的，假如任务简单而我们又分配多线程，其中的协调所用的资源反而会更多。
这个就如同电脑核心一般，电脑的核心并不是越多越好，就拿游戏说，现在的游戏优化大多以双核以及四核为核心，多的核心反而浪费，假如你有10个核心，玩个1核优化的游戏，那就真的是“一核有难，九核围观”了。