mongodb索引

1.构造数据:

for(i=0;i<10000;i++){
    db.colle1.insert({name:"test"+i})
    }

2.查询姓名为test8888的数据:

> db.colle1.find({name:"test8888"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5ab8e6355a96a08a5b90b2bc"), "name" : "test8888" }

也是瞬间就查出来了。

利用explain进行分析查询语句:

> db.colle1.find({name:"test8888"}).explain("executionStats")
{
        "queryPlanner" : {
                "plannerVersion" : 1,
                "namespace" : "exam.colle1",
                "indexFilterSet" : false,
                "parsedQuery" : {
                        "name" : {
                                "$eq" : "test8888"
                        }
                },
                "winningPlan" : {
                        "stage" : "COLLSCAN",
                        "filter" : {
                                "name" : {
                                        "$eq" : "test8888"
                                }
                        },
                        "direction" : "forward"
                },
                "rejectedPlans" : [ ]
        },
        "executionStats" : {
                "executionSuccess" : true,
                "nReturned" : 1,
                "executionTimeMillis" : 14,
                "totalKeysExamined" : 0,
                "totalDocsExamined" : 10407,
                "executionStages" : {
                        "stage" : "COLLSCAN",
                        "filter" : {
                                "name" : {
                                        "$eq" : "test8888"
                                }
                        },
                        "nReturned" : 1,
                        "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 10,
                        "works" : 10409,
                        "advanced" : 1,
                        "needTime" : 10407,
                        "needYield" : 0,
                        "saveState" : 81,
                        "restoreState" : 81,
                        "isEOF" : 1,
                        "invalidates" : 0,
                        "direction" : "forward",
                        "docsExamined" : 10407
                }
        },
        "serverInfo" : {
                "host" : "root",
                "port" : 27017,
                "version" : "3.6.3",
                "gitVersion" : "9586e557d54ef70f9ca4b43c26892cd55257e1a5"
        },
        "ok" : 1
}
 "executionTimeMillis" : 14 比嗾使用了14 ms。

  真正有用的分析SQL语句是:
executionStats这一JSON对象




3.建立索引之后再次分析

1.创建索引

语法

ensureIndex()方法基本语法格式如下所示:

>db.COLLECTION_NAME.ensureIndex({KEY:1})

   语法中 Key 值为你要创建的索引字段,1为指定按升序创建索引,如果你想按降序来创建索引指定为-1即可。

 ensureIndex() 方法中你也可以设置使用多个字段创建索引(关系型数据库中称作复合索引)。

db.col.ensureIndex({"title":1,"description":-1})

ensureIndex() 接收可选参数,可选参数列表如下:

ParameterTypeDescription
background Boolean 建索引过程会阻塞其它数据库操作,background可指定以后台方式创建索引,即增加 "background" 可选参数。 "background" 默认值为false
unique Boolean 建立的索引是否唯一。指定为true创建唯一索引。默认值为false.
name string 索引的名称。如果未指定,MongoDB的通过连接索引的字段名和排序顺序生成一个索引名称。
dropDups Boolean 在建立唯一索引时是否删除重复记录,指定 true 创建唯一索引。默认值为 false.
sparse Boolean 对文档中不存在的字段数据不启用索引;这个参数需要特别注意,如果设置为true的话,在索引字段中不会查询出不包含对应字段的文档.。默认值为 false.
expireAfterSeconds integer 指定一个以秒为单位的数值,完成 TTL设定,设定集合的生存时间。
v index version 索引的版本号。默认的索引版本取决于mongod创建索引时运行的版本。
weights document 索引权重值,数值在 1 到 99,999 之间,表示该索引相对于其他索引字段的得分权重。
default_language string 对于文本索引,该参数决定了停用词及词干和词器的规则的列表。 默认为英语
language_override string 对于文本索引,该参数指定了包含在文档中的字段名,语言覆盖默认的language,默认值为 language.

例如:上面我们针对name创建升序索引:

> db.colle1.ensureIndex({"name":1})
{
        "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
        "numIndexesBefore" : 1,
        "numIndexesAfter" : 2,
        "ok" : 1
}

再次分析上面的查询效率:

> db.colle1.find({name:"test8888"}).explain("executionStats")
{
        "queryPlanner" : {
                "plannerVersion" : 1,
                "namespace" : "exam.colle1",
                "indexFilterSet" : false,
                "parsedQuery" : {
                        "name" : {
                                "$eq" : "test8888"
                        }
                },
                "winningPlan" : {
                        "stage" : "FETCH",
                        "inputStage" : {
                                "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                                "keyPattern" : {
                                        "name" : 1
                                },
                                "indexName" : "name_1",
                                "isMultiKey" : false,
                                "multiKeyPaths" : {
                                        "name" : [ ]
                                },
                                "isUnique" : false,
                                "isSparse" : false,
                                "isPartial" : false,
                                "indexVersion" : 2,
                                "direction" : "forward",
                                "indexBounds" : {
                                        "name" : [
                                                "["test8888", "test8888"]"
                                        ]
                                }
                        }
                },
                "rejectedPlans" : [ ]
        },
        "executionStats" : {
                "executionSuccess" : true,
                "nReturned" : 1,
                "executionTimeMillis" : 2,
                "totalKeysExamined" : 1,
                "totalDocsExamined" : 1,
                "executionStages" : {
                        "stage" : "FETCH",
                        "nReturned" : 1,
                        "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
                        "works" : 2,
                        "advanced" : 1,
                        "needTime" : 0,
                        "needYield" : 0,
                        "saveState" : 0,
                        "restoreState" : 0,
                        "isEOF" : 1,
                        "invalidates" : 0,
                        "docsExamined" : 1,
                        "alreadyHasObj" : 0,
                        "inputStage" : {
                                "stage" : "IXSCAN",
                                "nReturned" : 1,
                                "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
                                "works" : 2,
                                "advanced" : 1,
                                "needTime" : 0,
                                "needYield" : 0,
                                "saveState" : 0,
                                "restoreState" : 0,
                                "isEOF" : 1,
                                "invalidates" : 0,
                                "keyPattern" : {
                                        "name" : 1
                                },
                                "indexName" : "name_1",
                                "isMultiKey" : false,
                                "multiKeyPaths" : {
                                        "name" : [ ]
                                },
                                "isUnique" : false,
                                "isSparse" : false,
                                "isPartial" : false,
                                "indexVersion" : 2,
                                "direction" : "forward",
                                "indexBounds" : {
                                        "name" : [
                                                "["test8888", "test8888"]"
                                        ]
                                },
                                "keysExamined" : 1,
                                "seeks" : 1,
                                "dupsTested" : 0,
                                "dupsDropped" : 0,
                                "seenInvalidated" : 0
                        }
                }
        },
        "serverInfo" : {
                "host" : "root",
                "port" : 27017,
                "version" : "3.6.3",
                "gitVersion" : "9586e557d54ef70f9ca4b43c26892cd55257e1a5"
        },
        "ok" : 1
  "executionTimeMillis" : 2  表示用了2ms

 2.  查看所有

> db.colle1.getIndexes()
[
        {
                "v" : 2,
                "key" : {
                        "_id" : 1
                },
                "name" : "_id_",
                "ns" : "exam.colle1"
        },
        {
                "v" : 2,
                "key" : {
                        "name" : 1
                },
                "name" : "name_1",
                "ns" : "exam.colle1"
        }

 3.删除索引:

> db.colle1.dropIndex("name_1")    #删除所有
{ "nIndexesWas" : 2, "ok" : 1 }
> db.colle1.getIndexes()
[
        {
                "v" : 2,
                "key" : {
                        "_id" : 1
                },
                "name" : "_id_",
                "ns" : "exam.colle1"
        }
]
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qlqwjy/p/8653623.html