设计模式-迭代器模式(Iterator)

迭代器模式是行为模式的一种,它把对容器中包含的内部对象的访问委让给外部类,使用iterator遍历访问。

角色和职责:

1.迭代器接口(Iterator):

 

2.Concrete Iterator(迭代器实现类) -:

3.容器接口(Aggregate):

4.容器实现类(Concrete Aggregate):

UML图:

具体代码:

/**
 * 书对象
 */
public class Book {
    private int id;
    private String name;//书名

    public Book(int id,String name){
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void display(){
        System.out.println(name);
    }
}
/**
 * 具体迭代器模式
 */
public class ConcreteIterator implements Iterator {
    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {

        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public Object next() {
        return null;
    }
}
/**
 * 模仿AbstractList写法,ArrayList就是一个迭代器模式
 */
public class BookList{
    private List<Book> list;
    private int index;

    public BookList(){
        this.list = new ArrayList<Book>();
    }

    /**
     * 添加书籍
     */
    public void addBook(Book book){
        this.list.add(book);
    }

    public Iterator<Book> iterator() {
        return new ConcreteIterator();
    }

    /**
     * 具体迭代器模式
     */
    private class ConcreteIterator implements Iterator {
        @Override
        public boolean hasNext() {
            if(index >= list.size()){
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
        @Override
        public Object next() {
            return list.get(index++);
        }
    }
}
import java.util.Iterator;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Book book1 = new Book(1,"空调说明书");
        Book book2 = new Book(2,"电脑说明书");

        BookList bookList = new BookList();
        bookList.addBook(book1);
        bookList.addBook(book2);
        Iterator<Book> iterator = bookList.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            iterator.next().display();
        }
    }
}

结果:

空调说明书
电脑说明书

优缺点:

优:1.实现功能分离,简化容器接口。让容器只实现本身的基本功能,把迭代功能委让给外部类实现,符合类的设计原则

       2.隐藏容器的实现细节

源码地址:https://github.com/qjm201000/design_pattern_iterator.git

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qjm201000/p/10102614.html