Java WebServlet生成图片验证码

一,验证码生成属性,方法配置类

//图片类
public class VerifyCode {
    private int w = 70;
    private int h = 35;
    private Random r = new Random();
    // {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
    private String[] fontNames =
            { "宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312" };
    // 可选字符
    private String codes = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    // 背景色
    private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
    // 验证码上的文本
    private String text;

    // 生成随机的颜色
    private Color randomColor() {
        int red = r.nextInt(150);
        int green = r.nextInt(150);
        int blue = r.nextInt(150);
        return new Color(red, green, blue);
    }

    // 生成随机的字体
    private Font randomFont() {
        int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
        String fontName = fontNames[index];// 生成随机的字体名称
        int style = r.nextInt(4);// 生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
        int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; // 生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
        return new Font(fontName, style, size);
    }

    // 画干扰线
    private void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {
        int num = 3;// 一共画3条
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {// 生成两个点的坐标,即4个值
            int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
            int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
            g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
            g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); // 干扰线是蓝色
            g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);// 画线
        }
    }

    // 随机生成一个字符
    private char randomChar() {
        int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
        return codes.charAt(index);
    }

    // 创建BufferedImage
    private BufferedImage createImage() {
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
        g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
        return image;
    }

    // !调用这个方法得到验证码
    public BufferedImage getImage() {
        BufferedImage image = createImage();// 创建图片缓冲区
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();// 得到绘制环境
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();// 用来装载生成的验证码文本
        // 向图片中画4个字符
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {// 循环四次,每次生成一个字符
            String s = randomChar() + "";// 随机生成一个字母
            sb.append(s); // 把字母添加到sb中
            float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; // 设置当前字符的x轴坐标
            g2.setFont(randomFont()); // 设置随机字体
            g2.setColor(randomColor()); // 设置随机颜色
            g2.drawString(s, x, h - 5); // 画图
        }
        this.text = sb.toString(); // 把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
        drawLine(image); // 添加干扰线
        return image;
    }

    // 返回验证码图片上的文本
    public String getText() {
        return text;
    }

    // 保存图片到指定的输出流
    public static void output(BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
        ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
    }
}

二,调用方法生成验证码图片显示

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/verifycode")
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        VerifyCode verifyCode = new VerifyCode();
        verifyCode.output(verifyCode.getImage(), response.getOutputStream());
        String str = verifyCode.getText();
        System.out.println(str);
    }
}

界面代码

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>index</title>
    <script>
      /*
          分析:
              点击超链接或者图片,需要换一张
              1.给超链接和图片绑定单击事件
              2.重新设置图片的src属性值
       */
      window.onload = function(){
        //1.获取图片对象
        var img = document.getElementById("Code");
        //2.绑定单击事件
        var btn = document.getElementById("btnCode");
        btn.onclick = function(){
          //加时间戳
          var date = new Date().getTime();
          /*时间永远不重复,则不会访问缓存*/
          img.src = "/web01/verifycode?"+date;
        }

      }
    </script>
  </head>
  <body>
 
  <br/>
  <img id="Code" src="/web01/verifycode" /> <!--自动生成图片的路径-->

  <a id="btnCode" href="javascript:void(0)">看不清换一张?</a>
  </body>
</html>

效果

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qingjiawen/p/14047675.html