GetAdaptersInfo 和 GetAdaptersAddresses 都能获取网络相关信息，如网卡名称、MAC 地址、IP、DNS、网关等信息，但是两个函数感觉都有一些问题，GetAdaptersInfo 获取不到 IPV6 地址信息，使用起来较为简单，GetAdaptersAddresses 可以获取到 IPV6 地址信息，但是似乎获取不到 子网掩码 ，MSDN 推荐使用 GetAdaptersAddresses 。
1、GetAdaptersInfo：
代码：
PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pAdapterInfo;
PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pAdapter = NULL;
DWORD errValue = 0;
ULONG ulOutBufLen = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);
pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO *)malloc(sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO));
if (!pAdapterInfo)//malloc失败
return;
if (GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulOutBufLen) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) //空间不够，重新分配
{
free(pAdapterInfo);
pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO *)malloc(ulOutBufLen);
if (!pAdapterInfo) //malloc失败
return;
}
CString info;
if ((errValue = GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulOutBufLen)) == NO_ERROR)
{
pAdapter = pAdapterInfo;
while (pAdapter)
{
info += CString(_T("Adapter Name:")) + CString(pAdapter->AdapterName) + CString(_T("
"));//名字
info += CString(_T("Adapter Desc:")) + CString(pAdapter->Description) + CString(_T("
"));//描述
CString mac;
mac.Format(_T("%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X"), pAdapter->Address[0], pAdapter->Address[1],
pAdapter->Address[2], pAdapter->Address[3], pAdapter->Address[4], pAdapter->Address[5]);
info += CString(_T("Adapter Mac:")) + mac + CString(_T("
"));//MAC地址
CString type;
switch (pAdapter->Type) //类型，列举了几种
{
case MIB_IF_TYPE_OTHER:
type = _T("其他");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET:
type = _T("以太网接口");
break;
case IF_TYPE_ISO88025_TOKENRING:
type = _T("ISO88025令牌环");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_PPP:
type = _T("PPP接口");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_LOOPBACK:
type = _T("软件回路接口");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_SLIP:
type = _T("ATM网络接口");
break;
case IF_TYPE_IEEE80211:
type = _T("无线网络接口");
break;
default:
type = _T("未知接口");
break;
}
info += CString(_T("网卡类型：")) + type + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("IP地址：")) + CString(pAdapter->IpAddressList.IpAddress.String) + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("子网掩码：")) + CString(pAdapter->IpAddressList.IpMask.String) + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("默认网关：")) + CString(pAdapter->GatewayList.IpAddress.String) + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("是否DHCP：")) + CString(pAdapter->DhcpEnabled ? _T("是") : _T("否")) + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("DHCP地址：")) + CString(pAdapter->DhcpServer.IpAddress.String) + CString(_T("
"));
//Dns
IP_PER_ADAPTER_INFO* pPerAdapt = NULL;
ULONG ulLen = 0;
int err = GetPerAdapterInfo(pAdapter->Index, pPerAdapt, &ulLen);
if (err == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW)
{
pPerAdapt = (IP_PER_ADAPTER_INFO*)HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY, ulLen);
err = GetPerAdapterInfo(pAdapter->Index, pPerAdapt, &ulLen);
if (err == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
IP_ADDR_STRING* pNext = &(pPerAdapt->DnsServerList);
if (pNext && strcmp(pNext->IpAddress.String, "") != 0)//手动DNS
{
info = info + CString(_T("DNS：")) + CString(pNext->IpAddress.String) + _T("
");
if (pNext->Next)
{
pNext = pNext->Next;
info = info + CString(_T("备用DNS：")) + CString(pNext->IpAddress.String) + _T("
");
}
}
}
HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY, pPerAdapt);
}
info += "
";
pAdapter = pAdapter->Next;
}
}
else
{
CString s;
s.Format(_T("GetAdaptersInfo failed with error: %d
"), errValue);
info += s;
}
if (pAdapterInfo)
free(pAdapterInfo);
SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT, info);
效果：
2、GetAdaptersAddresses：
代码：
//关于这个标志，查 MSDN 吧。。。
ULONG flags = GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_PREFIX | GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_GATEWAYS;//包括 IPV4 ，IPV6 网关
ULONG family = AF_UNSPEC;//返回包括 IPV4 和 IPV6 地址
PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pAddresses = NULL;
ULONG outBufLen = 0;
DWORD dwRetVal = 0;
PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pCurrAddresses = NULL;
PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS pUnicast = NULL;
PIP_ADAPTER_ANYCAST_ADDRESS pAnycast = NULL;
PIP_ADAPTER_MULTICAST_ADDRESS pMulticast = NULL;
IP_ADAPTER_DNS_SERVER_ADDRESS *pDnServer = NULL;
IP_ADAPTER_PREFIX *pPrefix = NULL;
outBufLen = 15000;
do
{
pAddresses = (IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES *)malloc(outBufLen);
if (pAddresses == NULL)
return;
dwRetVal = GetAdaptersAddresses(family, flags, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen);
if (dwRetVal == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW)
{
free(pAddresses);
pAddresses = NULL;
}
else
break;
} while (dwRetVal == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW);
CString info;
if (dwRetVal == NO_ERROR)
{
pCurrAddresses = pAddresses;
while (pCurrAddresses)
{
info += CString(_T("Adapter name:")) + pCurrAddresses->AdapterName + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("Description:")) + CString(pCurrAddresses->Description) + CString(_T("
"));
info += CString(_T("Friendly name:")) + CString(pCurrAddresses->FriendlyName) + CString(_T("
"));
if (pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddressLength != 0)
{
CString mac;//其实 MAC 地址的长度存在 PhysicalAddressLength 中，最好用它来确定格式化的长度
mac.Format(_T("%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X"), pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[0], pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[1],
pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[2], pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[3], pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[4],
pCurrAddresses->PhysicalAddress[5]);
info += CString(_T("Adapter Mac:")) + mac + CString(_T("
"));//MAC地址
}
CString type;
switch (pCurrAddresses->IfType) //类型，列举了几种
{
case MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET:
type = _T("以太网接口");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_PPP:
type = _T("PPP接口");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_LOOPBACK:
type = _T("软件回路接口");
break;
case MIB_IF_TYPE_SLIP:
type = _T("ATM网络接口");
break;
case IF_TYPE_IEEE80211:
type = _T("无线网络接口");
break;
}
info += CString(_T("网卡类型：")) + type + CString(_T("
"));
pUnicast = pCurrAddresses->FirstUnicastAddress;
while (pUnicast)//单播IP
{
CHAR IP[130] = { 0 };
if (AF_INET == pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)// IPV4 地址，使用 IPV4 转换
inet_ntop(PF_INET, &((sockaddr_in*)pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr, IP, sizeof(IP));
else if (AF_INET6 == pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)// IPV6 地址，使用 IPV6 转换
inet_ntop(PF_INET6, &((sockaddr_in6*)pUnicast->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin6_addr, IP, sizeof(IP));
info += CString(_T("单播IP：")) + CString(IP) + CString(_T("
"));
pUnicast = pUnicast->Next;
}
if (pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv4Server.lpSockaddr)//DHCP服务器地址
{
CHAR dhcp[130] = { 0 };
if (AF_INET == pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv4Server.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
inet_ntop(PF_INET, &((sockaddr_in*)pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv4Server.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr, dhcp, sizeof(dhcp));
else if (AF_INET6 == pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv4Server.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
inet_ntop(PF_INET6, &((sockaddr_in6*)pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv4Server.lpSockaddr)->sin6_addr, dhcp, sizeof(dhcp));
info += CString(_T("DHCP地址：")) + CString(dhcp) + CString(_T("
"));
}
pDnServer = pCurrAddresses->FirstDnsServerAddress;
while (pDnServer)//DNS
{
CHAR DNS[130] = { 0 };
if (AF_INET == pDnServer->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
inet_ntop(PF_INET, &((sockaddr_in*)pDnServer->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr, DNS, sizeof(DNS));
else if (AF_INET6 == pDnServer->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
inet_ntop(PF_INET6, &((sockaddr_in6*)pDnServer->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin6_addr, DNS, sizeof(DNS));
info += CString(_T("DNS：")) + CString(DNS) + CString(_T("
"));
pDnServer = pDnServer->Next;
}
CString MTU;// MTU
MTU.Format(_T("MTU：%d
"), pCurrAddresses->Mtu);
info += MTU;
CString sendSpeend;//发送速率
sendSpeend.Format(_T("send speed:%d
"), pCurrAddresses->TransmitLinkSpeed);
info += sendSpeend;
CString recvSpeed;//接收速率
recvSpeed.Format(_T("recv speed:%d
"), pCurrAddresses->ReceiveLinkSpeed);
info += recvSpeed;
auto pGetway = pCurrAddresses->FirstGatewayAddress;
while (pGetway)//网关
{
CHAR getway[130] = { 0 };
if (AF_INET == pGetway->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
inet_ntop(PF_INET, &((sockaddr_in*)pGetway->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin_addr, getway, sizeof(getway));
else if (AF_INET6 == pGetway->Address.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
inet_ntop(PF_INET6, &((sockaddr_in6*)pGetway->Address.lpSockaddr)->sin6_addr, getway, sizeof(getway));
info += CString(_T("Getway：")) + CString(getway) + CString(_T("
"));
pGetway = pGetway->Next;
}
if (pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv6Server.lpSockaddr)//IPV6DHCP
{
CHAR dhcpv6[130] = { 0 };
if (AF_INET6 == pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv6Server.lpSockaddr->sa_family)
{
inet_ntop(PF_INET6, &((sockaddr_in6*)pCurrAddresses->Dhcpv6Server.lpSockaddr)->sin6_addr, dhcpv6, sizeof(dhcpv6));
info += CString(_T("DHCPV6：")) + CString(dhcpv6) + CString(_T("
"));
}
}
info += CString(_T("
"));
pCurrAddresses = pCurrAddresses->Next;
}
}
else
{
CString s;
s.Format(_T("GetAdaptersAddresses failed,error code:%d"), GetLastError());
AfxMessageBox(s);
}
if (pAddresses)
free(pAddresses);
SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT, info);
效果：
另外，使用 GetAdaptersAddresses 需要使用 iphlpapi.lib ，需要包含对应头文件，使用 inet_ntop 转换地址时需要包含 WS2tcpip.h 。
include <WS2tcpip.h>
include <iphlpapi.h>
pragma comment(lib, "iphlpapi.lib")
小结：
GetAdaptersInfo 使用较为简单，大部分情况下可以满足需求，GetAdaptersAddresses 使用复杂得多，但是可以获取 IPV6 甚至组播地址等。
代码链接：
VS2015工程：http://download.csdn.net/detail/yangyang031213/9891542
https://github.com/yangyang0312/cpp/tree/master/windows/AdaptInfo
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版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「yangyang031213」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yangyang031213/article/details/64906437