一，需求分析

初步计划是写一个简单的自动控制器给出n道简单的加减乘除的四则运算题目（含表达式和答案），为了方便使用及推广，使用平台android.编译平台eclipse.

用户给出需要的题目量n以及题目内数字个数m，程序取得需求生成n个题目类的实例对象，设置对象的属性数字个数为m，并生成四则运算表达式和答案

二，概要设计

算法方面无特殊，全是基本操作

三，详细设计及编码

安卓基本开发 + 基础程序设计

ActivityMain类

主界面没什么好说的。代码也没几行，获取基本的组件，设置属性，over

EquationActivity类

答题界面，通过主界面交互得到的数据创建适配器，动态显示题目列表

 1 package com.magician.mathmagic.ui;
 2 
 3 import android.app.ActionBar;
 4 import android.app.Activity;
 5 import android.os.Bundle;
 6 import android.view.Menu;
 7 import android.view.MenuItem;
 8 import android.widget.ListView;
 9 
10 import com.magician.mathmagic.adapter.AdapterEquation;
11 import com.magician.mathmagic.controller.Intelligent;
12 import com.magician.mathmagic.model.Equation;
13 
14 public class EquationActivity extends Activity {
15 
16     private ListView listEquation;
17     private AdapterEquation adapterEquation;
18     private Intelligent intelligent;
19     
20     @Override
21     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
22         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
23         setContentView(R.layout.activity_equation);
24         
25         ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();  
26         actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);  
27         
28         initView();
29         initData();
30     }
31     
32     private void initView() {
33 
34         listEquation = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_equation_equationlist);
35     }
36     
37     private void initData() {
38 
39         int quantity, grade, numbers, bracket;
40         
41         Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
42         quantity = bundle.getInt("quantity");
43         grade = bundle.getInt("grade");
44         numbers = bundle.getInt("numbers");
45         bracket = bundle.getInt("bracket");
46         
47         intelligent = new Intelligent(quantity, grade, numbers, bracket);
48         adapterEquation = new AdapterEquation(EquationActivity.this, intelligent);
49         int i = 0;
50         for (Equation equation : intelligent.getEquationList()) {
51             i++;
52             System.out.println(i + " " + equation.toString() + " " + equation.getAnswer());
53         }
54         listEquation.setAdapter(adapterEquation);
55     }
56 
57     @Override
58     public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
59         // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
60         getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.equation, menu);
61         return true;
62     }
63 
64     @Override  
65     public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {  
66         switch (item.getItemId()) {  
67         case android.R.id.home:  
68             finish();
69             return true;
70         }
71         return false;  
72     }  
73 }

EquationActivity

AdapterEquation类

自定义的列表适配器，通过界面层传输的数据给出相应的处理之后返回界面效果给界面层

主要是创建一个管理者对象管理四则运算。

  1 /**************************************************************************************
  2 *
  3 * [Project]
  4 *       MathMagic
  5 * [Package]
  6 *       com.magician.mathmagic.adapter
  7 * [FileName]
  8 *       AdapterEquation.java
  9 * [Copyright]
 10 *       Copyright 2014 brotherYang All Rights Reserved.
 11 * [History]
 12 *        @Version    :    1.0.0
 13 *       @User        :     Administrator
 14 *        @Time        :    2014-10-7 - 下午8:15:08
 15 *        @Auther        :    brotherYang (include18883287887@gamil.com)
 16 *        @Record        :    Create
 17 *
 18 **************************************************************************************/
 19 
 20 package com.magician.mathmagic.adapter;
 21 
 22 import java.util.HashMap;
 23 import java.util.LinkedList;
 24 import java.util.Map;
 25 
 26 import android.app.Activity;
 27 import android.content.Context;
 28 import android.text.Editable;
 29 import android.text.TextWatcher;
 30 import android.view.LayoutInflater;
 31 import android.view.View;
 32 import android.view.ViewGroup;
 33 import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
 34 import android.widget.Button;
 35 import android.widget.EditText;
 36 import android.widget.TextView;
 37 import android.widget.Toast;
 38 
 39 import com.magician.mathmagic.controller.Intelligent;
 40 import com.magician.mathmagic.model.Equation;
 41 import com.magician.mathmagic.ui.R;
 42 
 43 public class AdapterEquation extends BaseAdapter{
 44 
 45     private LinkedList<Map<String, String>> aEquationItemData;
 46     private Map<String, String> aEditorValue;
 47     private Map<String, String> aAnswer;
 48      
 49     private Intelligent intelligent;
 50     private Equation equation;
 51     private LayoutInflater aInflater;
 52     private ViewHolder aHolder;
 53     private Activity aContext;
 54     
 55     public AdapterEquation (Context context, Intelligent intelligent) {
 56         this.intelligent = intelligent;
 57         this.aContext = (Activity) context;
 58         this.aInflater = (LayoutInflater) context
 59                 .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
 60             
 61         init();
 62     }
 63 
 64     // 初始化
 65     private void init() {
 66         aEquationItemData = new LinkedList<Map<String,String>>();
 67         aEditorValue = new HashMap<String, String>();
 68         aAnswer = new HashMap<String, String>();
 69         aEditorValue.clear();
 70         aAnswer.clear();
 71         
 72         for (int i = 0; i < getCount(); i++) {
 73             aEquationItemData.add(i, null);
 74         }
 75     }
 76          
 77     @Override
 78     public int getCount() {
 79         return intelligent.getEquationList().size();
 80     }
 81 
 82     @Override
 83     public Object getItem(int position) {
 84         return intelligent.getEquationList().get(position);
 85     }
 86 
 87     @Override
 88     public long getItemId(int position) {
 89         return position;
 90     }
 91 
 92     @Override
 93     public View getView(final int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 94         if (convertView == null) {
 95             convertView = aInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_equation, null);
 96             aHolder = new ViewHolder();
 97             
 98             aHolder.vBtonSubmit = (Button) convertView.findViewById(R.id.bton_equation_submit);
 99             aHolder.vTexvWitchOne = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.texv_equation_witchone);
100             aHolder.vTexvEquation = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.texv_equation_content);
101             aHolder.vEditYourAnswer = (EditText) convertView.findViewById(R.id.edit_equation_youranswer);
102             aHolder.vTexvAnswer = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.texv_equation_rightanswer);
103             aHolder.vEditYourAnswer.setTag(position);
104             aHolder.vBtonSubmit.setTag(position);
105             convertView.setTag(aHolder);
106             convertView.setId(position);
107             ClearHolder(aHolder);
108         } else {
109             aHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
110             ClearHolder(aHolder);
111             aHolder.vEditYourAnswer.setTag(position);
112             aHolder.vBtonSubmit.setTag(position);
113         }
114 
115         equation = intelligent.getEquationList().get(position);
116         aHolder.vRightAnswer = (equation.getAnswer());
117         aHolder.vTexvWitchOne.setText((position+1) + " : ");
118         aHolder.vTexvEquation.setText(equation.toString()); 
119         
120         class ATextWatcher implements TextWatcher {
121             public ATextWatcher(ViewHolder holder) {
122                 mHolder = holder;
123             }
124 
125             private ViewHolder mHolder;
126 
127             @Override
128             public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start,
129                     int before, int count) {
130             }
131 
132             @Override
133             public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start,
134                     int count, int after) {
135             }
136 
137             @Override
138             public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
139                 if (s != null && !"".equals(s.toString())) {
140                     int position = (Integer) mHolder.vEditYourAnswer.getTag();
141                     aEditorValue.put(String.valueOf(position), s.toString());
142                     // 当EditText数据发生改变的时候存到data变量中
143                 }
144             }
145         }
146         
147         aHolder.vEditYourAnswer.addTextChangedListener(new ATextWatcher(aHolder));
148         aHolder.vEditYourAnswer.setText(null == aEditorValue.get(String.valueOf(position)) ? "" : aEditorValue.get(String.valueOf(position)));
149         aHolder.vTexvAnswer.setText(null == aEquationItemData.get(position) ? "" : aEquationItemData.get(position).get("answer"));
150         aHolder.vBtonSubmit.setEnabled(!intelligent.getEquationList().get(position).isRight());
151         aHolder.vBtonSubmit.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
152             @Override
153             public void onClick(View v) {
154                 
155                 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
156                 aHolder.vYourAnswer = aEditorValue.get(String.valueOf(position));
157                 aHolder.vRightAnswer = (intelligent.getEquationList()
158                         .get(position).getAnswer());
159                 int tPosition = (Integer) v.getTag();
160 
161                 if (null == (aHolder.vYourAnswer)) {
162                     Toast.makeText(aContext, "题目 " + (tPosition+1) +" 答案为空！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
163                     return;
164                 }
165                 intelligent.getEquationList().get(tPosition).setAnswered(true);
166                 if (Double.valueOf(aHolder.vYourAnswer) == (aHolder.vRightAnswer)) {
167                     
168                     aAnswer = new HashMap<String, String>();
169                     aAnswer.put("answer", "回答正确！");
170                     aEquationItemData.remove(tPosition);
171                     aEquationItemData.add(tPosition, aAnswer);
172                     intelligent.getEquationList().get(tPosition).setRight(true);
173                 } else {
174                     aAnswer = new HashMap<String, String>();
175                     aAnswer.put("answer", "回答错误！正确答案是 : " + aHolder.vRightAnswer);
176                     aEquationItemData.remove(tPosition);
177                     aEquationItemData.add(tPosition, aAnswer);
178                 }
179                 notifyDataSetChanged();
180             }
181         });
182         
183         return convertView;
184     }
185 
186     /**
187      * 
188      */
189     private void ClearHolder(ViewHolder holder) {
190         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
191         holder.vTexvWitchOne.setText("");
192         holder.vTexvEquation.setText("");
193         holder.vTexvAnswer.setText("");
194         holder.vEditYourAnswer.setText("");
195     }
196 
197     public final class ViewHolder {
198         public View vBaseView;
199         public int vPosition;
200         public TextView vTexvWitchOne;
201         public TextView vTexvEquation;
202         public TextView vTexvAnswer;
203         public EditText vEditYourAnswer;
204         public Button vBtonSubmit;
205         
206         public String vEquation;
207         public String vYourAnswer;
208         public double vRightAnswer;
209     }
210 }

AdapterEquation

Intelligent类

管理者，适配器传输的数据给出相应的动作，创建四则运算方程式

 1     /**
 2      * 方程式集合
 3      */
 4     private LinkedList<Equation> equationList;
 5     
 6     /**
 7      * 初始化题目数量
 8      */
 9     private int quantity;
10     
11     /**
12      * 构造方程式
13      */
14     public Intelligent(int quantity, int grade, int numbers, int bracket) {
15         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
16         this.quantity = quantity;
17         
18         equationList = new LinkedList<Equation>();
19         for (int i = 0; i < quantity; i++) {
20             equationList.addLast(new Equation(grade, numbers, bracket));
21         }
22     }

Equation类

方程式，通过初始化各属性生成四则运算表达式以及答案。

  1 /**************************************************************************************
  2  *
  3  * [Project]
  4  *       MathMagic
  5  * [Package]
  6  *       com.magician.mathmagic.model
  7  * [FileName]
  8  *       Equation.java
  9  * [Copyright]
 10  *       Copyright 2014 brotherYang All Rights Reserved.
 11  * [History]
 12  *        @Version    :    1.0.0
 13  *       @User        :     Administrator
 14  *        @Time        :    2014-10-7 - 下午7:22:16
 15  *        @Auther        :    brotherYang (include18883287887@gamil.com)
 16  *        @Record        :    Create
 17  *
 18  **************************************************************************************/
 19 
 20 package com.magician.mathmagic.model;
 21 
 22 import java.text.DecimalFormat;
 23 import java.util.LinkedList;
 24 import java.util.Random;
 25 
 26 public class Equation {
 27 
 28     /**
 29      * 用于存放数的列表
 30      */
 31     private LinkedList<String> numberList;
 32 
 33     /**
 34      * 用于存放計算符号的列表
 35      */
 36     private LinkedList<String> arithmeticList;
 37 
 38     private LinkedList<String> calculateList;
 39 
 40     /**
 41      * 初始化题目难度 - 年级（1-6）
 42      */
 43     private int grade;
 44 
 45     /**
 46      * 初始化几个数字 - 个数（2-3）
 47      */
 48     private int numbers;
 49 
 50     /**
 51      * 初始化是否有括号
 52      */
 53     private int bracket;
 54     
 55     /**
 56      * 初始化括号数量
 57      */
 58     private int numBracket;
 59 
 60     /**
 61      * 算法 - （ " + ", " - ", " * ", " / "）
 62      */
 63     public static class Arithmetic {
 64 
 65         public static final int plus = 0;
 66         public static final int minus = 1;
 67         public static final int multiply = 2;
 68         public static final int divide = 3;
 69         public static final int bracket = 0;
 70         public static final int nobracket = 1;
 71         public static final int randombracket = 2;
 72         public static final int[] maxnumber = { 10, 30, 60, 100, 500, 1000 };
 73         public static final double wrongnumber = -2147483647;
 74     };
 75 
 76     /**
 77      * 方程式的答案
 78      */
 79     private double answer;
 80 
 81     /**
 82      * 方程式的字符串
 83      */
 84     private StringBuilder stringEquation;
 85 
 86     /**
 87      * 是否回答
 88      */
 89     private boolean isAnswered;
 90 
 91     /**
 92      * 是否回答正确
 93      */
 94     private boolean isRight;
 95 
 96     /**
 97      * @param grade
 98      * @param numbers
 99      * @param isBracket
100      */
101     public Equation(int grade, int numbers, int bracket) {
102         this.grade = grade;
103         this.numbers = numbers;
104         this.bracket = bracket;
105 
106         if (bracket == Arithmetic.randombracket) {
107             bracket = new Random().nextInt(2);
108         }
109         
110         if (bracket == Arithmetic.nobracket) {
111             numBracket = 0;
112         } else {
113             numBracket = new Random().nextInt(numbers - 1);
114         }
115         
116         isAnswered = false;
117         isRight = false;
118         numberList = new LinkedList<String>();
119         arithmeticList = new LinkedList<String>();
120         calculateList = new LinkedList<String>();
121         answer = Arithmetic.wrongnumber;
122         stringEquation = new StringBuilder();
123 
124         for (int i = 0; i < numbers; i++) {
125             numberList.add(String.valueOf((new Random()
126                     .nextInt(Arithmetic.maxnumber[3]) + 1)));
127             stringEquation.append(numberList.get(i) + " ");
128             if (i < numbers - 1) {
129                 arithmeticList.add(generateArithmetic());
130                 stringEquation.append(arithmeticList.get(i) + " ");
131             }
132         }
133 
134         calculateAnswer();
135     }
136 
137     /**
138      * 
139      */
140     private String generateArithmetic() {
141         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
142 
143         int intArithmetic = new Random().nextInt(4);
144 
145         switch (intArithmetic) {
146         case Arithmetic.plus:
147             return "+";
148         case Arithmetic.minus:
149             return "-";
150         case Arithmetic.multiply:
151             return "*";
152         case Arithmetic.divide:
153             return "/";
154         default:
155             return null;
156         }
157     }
158 
159     /**
160      * (non-Javadoc)
161      * 
162      * @see java.lang.Object#toString()
163      */
164     @Override
165     public String toString() {
166         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
167         return stringEquation.toString();
168     }
169 
170     /**
171      * 
172      */
173     private void calculateAnswer() {
174         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
175 
176         for (int i = 0; i < numberList.size(); i++) {
177             calculateList.addLast(numberList.get(i));
178             while (i < arithmeticList.size()) {
179                 if (arithmeticList.get(i).equals("*")) {
180                     calculateList.addLast(String.valueOf(Double
181                             .valueOf(calculateList.removeLast())
182                             * Double.valueOf(numberList.remove(i + 1))));
183                     arithmeticList.remove(i);
184                 } else if (arithmeticList.get(i).equals("/")) {
185                     calculateList.addLast(String.valueOf(Double
186                             .valueOf(calculateList.removeLast())
187                             / Double.valueOf(numberList.remove(i + 1))));
188                     arithmeticList.remove(i);
189                 } else {
190                     calculateList.addLast(arithmeticList.get(i));
191                     break;
192                 }
193             }
194         }
195 
196         for (String it : calculateList) {
197             System.out.println(" content " + it);
198         }
199         
200         while (!calculateList.isEmpty()) {
201             if (answer == Arithmetic.wrongnumber) {
202                 answer = Double.valueOf(calculateList.removeFirst());
203                 continue;
204             }
205             String cString = calculateList.removeFirst();
206             if (cString.equals("+")) {
207                 answer += Double.valueOf(calculateList.removeFirst());
208                 continue;
209             } else if (cString.equals("-")) {
210                 answer -= Double.valueOf(calculateList.removeFirst());
211                 continue;
212             } else {
213                 System.out.println("Error!");
214             }
215         }
216         
217         // 转换保留最后2为小数
218         DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(".##");
219         answer = Double.valueOf(df.format(answer));
220     }
221 
222     /**
223      * @return the numbers
224      */
225     public int getNumbers() {
226         return numbers;
227     }
228 
229     /**
230      * @param numbers
231      *            the numbers to set
232      */
233     public void setNumbers(int numbers) {
234         this.numbers = numbers;
235     }
236 
237     /**
238      * @return the grade
239      */
240     public int getGrade() {
241         return grade;
242     }
243 
244     /**
245      * @param grade
246      *            the grade to set
247      */
248     public void setGrade(int grade) {
249         this.grade = grade;
250     }
251 
252     /**
253      * @return the isBracket
254      */
255     public int getBracket() {
256         return bracket;
257     }
258 
259     /**
260      * @param isBracket
261      *            the isBracket to set
262      */
263     public void setBracket(int bracket) {
264         this.bracket = bracket;
265     }
266 
267     /**
268      * @return the answer
269      */
270     public double getAnswer() {
271         return answer;
272     }
273 
274     /**
275      * @param answer
276      *            the answer to set
277      */
278     public void setAnswer(double answer) {
279         this.answer = answer;
280     }
281 
282     /**
283      * @return the isAnswered
284      */
285     public boolean isAnswered() {
286         return isAnswered;
287     }
288 
289     /**
290      * @param isAnswered
291      *            the isAnswered to set
292      */
293     public void setAnswered(boolean isAnswered) {
294         this.isAnswered = isAnswered;
295     }
296 
297     /**
298      * @return the isRight
299      */
300     public boolean isRight() {
301         return isRight;
302     }
303 
304     /**
305      * @param isRight
306      *            the isRight to set
307      */
308     public void setRight(boolean isRight) {
309         this.isRight = isRight;
310     }
311 }

Equation

四，测试及性能测试

经过测试，界面不友好，人机交互不友好，存在逻辑上的小bug.

基本操作无误，可以使用。

性能测试

也算是一个性能分析吧，不过也看不出什么来

五，总结

这只是一次小小的软件工程的作业，但里面收获的真的很多，有软件设计的基本流程的进一步巩固，android平台快速开发的经验，代码规范性，软件设计的思想等等，收获颇丰，期待下一次实战。

软件地址：

http://121.42.29.54/upload/MathMagic.apk

百度云盘：

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bntShm3