SQL server常用查询

                         SQL server常用操作

查询:select * from table1 where 范围
插入:insert into table1(field1,field2) values(value1,value2)
删除:delete from table1 where 范围
更新:update table1 set field1=value1 where 范围
查找:select * from table1 where field1 like ’%value1%’ ---like的语法很精妙,查资料!
排序:select * from table1 order by field1,field2 [desc]
总数:select count(id) as totalcount from table1
求和:select sum(id) as sumvalue from table1
平均:select avg(id) as avgvalue from table1
最大:select max(id) as maxvalue from table1
最小:select min(id) as minvalue from table1

链接查询

1、inner join 内连接查询

    select * from student a inner join course b on a.id=b.id

2、left (outer) join: 左链接查询
    左外连接(左连接):结果集几包括连接表的匹配行,也包括左连接表的所有行。 
    SQL: select * from student a left join course b on a.id=b.id
3:right (outer) join: 右链接查询

    外连接(连接):结果集既包括连接表的匹配连接行,也包括右连接表的所有行。
    SQL: select * from student a right join course b on a.id=b.id

4:full/cross (outer) join完全链接查询
    全外连接:不仅包括符号连接表的匹配行,还包括两个连接表中的所有记录。

    SQL: select * from student a full  join course b on a.id=b.id

子查询和内嵌查询

1、子查询

    select * from student where id in (select id from course)

     select * from student where id in (1,2,3)

 

2、带 in 的嵌套查询  not in与in查询相反

 

   select * from student where id in (1,2,3) 查询id为1,2,3的数值

3、some 和any 和 all 查询

    select * from student where idd >(select id from course ) 如果不加any 数据库是不执行的 正确的select * from student where idd >any(select id from course )

    some 和any 是等效的,all要求where的查询表达式与子查询返回的每个值进行比较时都应满足条件,some和any则要求where的表达式与子查询返回的值进行比较时至少有一个满足条件

    some : select * from student where idd >some(select id from course )

    any :    select * from student where idd >any(select id from course )

     all :      select * from student where idd >any(select id from course )

4、使用case函数进行查询   

    select *,
    case
    when idd>=5 then '优秀'
    when idd>=10 and idd<=6 then '中等'
    else '不及格'
    end
    from student

    

 模糊查询与范围查询

 1 、between  and 查询

    select * from student where idd between 3 and 4 查询3和4之间的数据,包括3和4。

2、% 查询

    select * from student where name like '%程%'     查询名字中包含‘程’ 的数值

3、_ 查询

    select * from student where name like '程_'     查询名字中开头包含‘程’ 的数值
    select * from student where name like '_g'  查询名字中结尾包含‘g’ 的数值

4、[] 查询 

    select * from student where name like '[mr]%' 查询以mr开头的数值

     select * from student where name like '[^mr]%' 查询不是以mr开头的数值

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原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qhantime/p/10705185.html