昨天刚开始接触hibernate便被伤的彻底，连最简单的都不会配置，然后看书看网上的，要么是比较复杂，不适合刚入门的新手，要么太久了，代码有些地方不太正确
折磨到了今天才琢磨出一点，写这个帖子希望能够帮到像我一样的新手
#实验环境：myeclipse2013+mysql5.6.10+jdk1.7+hibernate 4.1
#目录结构：
#在mysql中新建一个名为hibernate的数据库
#首先，建立web应用，我用的是myeclispe2013，所以直接添加hibernate特性，如果用的是eclipse，则将下载的hibernate包中的lib目录下的required目录中的jar复制到应用中的lib目录下，然后buildpath.
接下来主要步骤：
1.修改src目录下的hibernate.cfg.xml，如果没有自动生成，则手动新建一个。修改如下
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. --> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- 表示可动态修改hibernate属性文件 --> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- 表示用户使用的数据库种类 --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property> <!-- 指定是否在控制台打印对应的SQL语句 --> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- 链接数据库属性 --> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <property name="connection.password">root</property> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <mapping resource="tbl/hibernate/bean/Person.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
2.新建一个简单的POJO(普通java对象类) Person
此处id用于被hibernate识别用于主键，相当于平时只有name属性的POJO
package tbl.hibernate.bean; public class Person { private Integer id; //id是标识符，被hibernate识别 private String name; public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
3.新建Person.hbm.xml，修改如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <!-- 指定包，可不指定，但这样可以稍微减少代码量 --> <hibernate-mapping package="tbl.hibernate.bean"> <!-- 类名，如果上面未指定包，则此处需要在类之前将包写全，table对应数据库的表名 --> <class name="Person" table="person"> <!--指定id为person类中的id，对应数据库表中的id列 --> <id name="id" column="id"> <!-- 设置id为主键 --> <generator class="identity"></generator> </id> <!-- 同上 --> <property name="name" column="name"></property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
4.建立HibernateUtil工具类，myeclipse可自动右键生成，NEW-->Hibernate Session Factory
package tbl.hibernate.util; import org.hibernate.HibernateException; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry; import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder; /** * Configures and provides access to Hibernate sessions, tied to the * current thread of execution. Follows the Thread Local Session * pattern, see {@link http://hibernate.org/42.html }. */ public class HibernateUtil { /** * Location of hibernate.cfg.xml file. * Location should be on the classpath as Hibernate uses * #resourceAsStream style lookup for its configuration file. * The default classpath location of the hibernate config file is * in the default package. Use #setConfigFile() to update * the location of the configuration file for the current session. */ private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>(); private static org.hibernate.SessionFactory sessionFactory; private static Configuration configuration = new Configuration(); private static ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry; static { try { configuration.configure(); serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry(); sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%"); e.printStackTrace(); } } private HibernateUtil() { } /** * Returns the ThreadLocal Session instance. Lazy initialize * the <code>SessionFactory</code> if needed. * * @return Session * @throws HibernateException */ public static Session getSession() throws HibernateException { Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get(); if (session == null || !session.isOpen()) { if (sessionFactory == null) { rebuildSessionFactory(); } session = (sessionFactory != null) ? sessionFactory.openSession() : null; threadLocal.set(session); } return session; } /** * Rebuild hibernate session factory * */ public static void rebuildSessionFactory() { try { configuration.configure(); serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry(); sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("%%%% Error Creating SessionFactory %%%%"); e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * Close the single hibernate session instance. * * @throws HibernateException */ public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException { Session session = (Session) threadLocal.get(); threadLocal.set(null); if (session != null) { session.close(); } } /** * return session factory * */ public static org.hibernate.SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { return sessionFactory; } /** * return hibernate configuration * */ public static Configuration getConfiguration() { return configuration; } }
5.最后一步，建立一个测试文件Person_test
package tbl.hibernate.domain; import org.hibernate.Session; import tbl.hibernate.bean.Person; import tbl.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil; public class Person_test { public static void main(String[] args) {
//通过工具类获取Session Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
//开启事务 session.beginTransaction();
//新建Person类，存入值 Person p = new Person(); p.setName("Tom");
//将p存入session session.save(p);
//提交事务 session.getTransaction().commit();
//关闭session session.close(); } }
#运行Person_test,如果没有报错，并且数据库中生成了一个person表，那么恭喜你，你成功了！
希望能够帮到大家，如果有什么疑问，可以评论，一起讨论。写的不对的也请大神指正，谢谢