POJ3255(次短路)

Roadblocks

Time Limit: 2000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 12480		Accepted: 4416

Description

Bessie has moved to a small farm and sometimes enjoys returning to visit one of her best friends. She does not want to get to her old home too quickly, because she likes the scenery along the way. She has decided to take the second-shortest rather than the shortest path. She knows there must be some second-shortest path.

The countryside consists of R (1 ≤ R ≤ 100,000) bidirectional roads, each linking two of the N (1 ≤ N ≤ 5000) intersections, conveniently numbered 1..N. Bessie starts at intersection 1, and her friend (the destination) is at intersection N.

The second-shortest path may share roads with any of the shortest paths, and it may backtrack i.e., use the same road or intersection more than once. The second-shortest path is the shortest path whose length is longer than the shortest path(s) (i.e., if two or more shortest paths exist, the second-shortest path is the one whose length is longer than those but no longer than any other path).

Input

Line 1: Two space-separated integers: N and R
Lines 2..R+1: Each line contains three space-separated integers: A, B, and D that describe a road that connects intersections A and B and has length D (1 ≤ D ≤ 5000)

Output

Line 1: The length of the second shortest path between node 1 and node N

Sample Input

Sample Output

450
次短路两种解法:spfa迭代、spfa+A*

spfa迭代:

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=5005;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
struct Edge{
    int to,w,net;
}es[200005];
int n,m;
int head[MAXN],tot;
void addedge(int u,int v,int w)
{
    es[tot].to=v;
    es[tot].w=w;
    es[tot].net=head[u];
    head[u]=tot++;
}

int d[MAXN],vis[MAXN],second[MAXN];
void spfa(int src)
{
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        second[i]=INF;
        d[i]=INF;
        vis[i]=0;
    }
    d[src]=0;
    vis[src]=1;
    queue<int> que;
    que.push(src);
    while(!que.empty())
    {
        int u=que.front();que.pop();    
        vis[u]=0;
        for(int i=head[u];i!=-1;i=es[i].net)
        {
            Edge e=es[i];
            bool tag=false;
            if(d[e.to]>d[u]+e.w)
            {
                second[e.to]=d[e.to];
                d[e.to]=d[u]+e.w;
                tag=true;
            }
            else if(d[e.to]<d[u]+e.w&&d[u]+e.w<second[e.to])
            {
                second[e.to]=d[u]+e.w;
                tag=true;
            }
            if(second[e.to]>second[u]+e.w)
            {
                second[e.to]=second[u]+e.w;
                tag=true;
            }
            if(tag)
            {
                if(!vis[e.to])
                {
                    vis[e.to]=1;
                    que.push(e.to);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)!=EOF)
    {
        memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
        tot=0;
        for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
        {
            int u,v,w;
            scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
            addedge(u,v,w);
            addedge(v,u,w);
        }
        spfa(1);    
        printf("%d
",second[n]);
    }
    return 0;
}

spfa+A*算法

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN=5005;
const int INF=0x3f3f3f3f;
struct Edge{
    int to,w,net;
}es[200005];
int n,m;
int head[MAXN],tot;
void addedge(int u,int v,int w)
{
    es[tot].to=v;
    es[tot].w=w;
    es[tot].net=head[u];
    head[u]=tot++;
}

int d[MAXN],vis[MAXN];
void spfa(int src)
{
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        d[i]=INF;
        vis[i]=0;
    }
    queue<int> que;
    d[src]=0;
    que.push(src);
    while(!que.empty())
    {
        int u=que.front();que.pop();
        vis[u]=0;
        for(int i=head[u];i!=-1;i=es[i].net)
        {
            if(d[es[i].to]>d[u]+es[i].w)
            {
                d[es[i].to]=d[u]+es[i].w;
                if(!vis[es[i].to])
                {
                    vis[es[i].to]=1;
                    que.push(es[i].to);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

struct Node{
    int u,g,f;
    Node(){}
    Node(int u,int g,int f)
    {
        this->u=u;
        this->g=g;
        this->f=f;
    }
    bool operator<(const Node e) const
    {
        return e.f < f;
    }
};
void Astar(int src,int ter)
{
    priority_queue<Node> que;
    que.push(Node(src,0,d[src]));
    
    int k=0;
    while(!que.empty())
    {
        Node now=que.top();que.pop();
        if(now.u==ter)
        {
            k++;
            if(k==2)
            {
                printf("%d
",now.f);
                return ;
            }
        }
        
        for(int i=head[now.u];i!=-1;i=es[i].net)
        {
            que.push(Node(es[i].to,now.g+es[i].w,now.g+es[i].w+d[es[i].to]));    
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&m)!=EOF)
    {
        memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
        tot=0;
        for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
        {
            int u,v,w;
            scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
            addedge(u,v,w);
            addedge(v,u,w);
        }
        spfa(n);    
        Astar(1,n);
    }
    return 0;
}