Django基于cookies实现完整登录

创建项目与应用

django-admin startproject mysite
python manage startapp online

创建完成后目录构如下：

打开mysite/mysite/settings.py文件，将应用添加进去：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'online',
]

设计数据库

打开mysite/online/models.py文件，添加如下内容：

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class User(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    
    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

创建数据库和User表，最后生成的online_user表就是我们models.py中创建的User类。

配制URL

打开mysite/mysite/urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from online import urls
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^online/',include('online.urls')),
]

在mysite/online/目录下创建 urls.py文件：

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from online import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$',views.login,name='login'),
    url(r'^login/$',views.login,name='login'),
    url(r'^regist/$',views.regist,name='regist'),
    url(r'^index/$',views.index,name='index'),
    url(r'^logout/$',views.logout,name = 'logout'),
]

http://127.0.0.1:8000/online 登录页
http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/login/ 登录页
http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/regist/ 注册页
http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/index/ 登录成功
http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/logout/ 注销

创建视图

打开mysite/onlie/views.py文件：

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django import forms
from .models import User

# Create your views here.
#表单
class UserForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(label='用户名：',max_length=50)
    password = forms.CharField(label='密码：',max_length=50)


#注册
def regist(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(request.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            User.objects.create(username=username,password=password)
            return HttpResponse('regist sucess!!')
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render(request,'regist.html',{'uf':uf})

#登录
def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(request.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact=password)
            if user:
                respone = render(request,'index.html')
                # 将username写入浏览器cookie,失效时间为3600
                respone.set_cookie('username',username,3600)
                return  respone
            else:
                return render(request,'login.html',{'uf':uf})
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render(request,'login.html',{'uf':uf})

#登录成功
def index(request):
    username = request.COOKIES.get('username',None)
    return render(request,'index.html',{'username':username})


#退出
def logout(request):
    response = HttpResponse('logout!!!')
    #清理cookie
    response.delete_cookie('username')
    return response

创建模板

先在mysite/online/目录下创建templates目录，接着在mysite/onlie/templates/目录下创建regist.html文件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>注册</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>注册页面：</h1>
<form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{uf.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value = "ok" />
</form>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/login/">登陆</a>
</body>
</html>

在mysite/onlie/templates/目录下创建login.html文件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title>登陆</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>登陆页面：</h1>
<form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{uf.as_p}}
    <input type="submit" value = "ok" />
</form>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/regist/">注册</a>
</body>
</html>

在mysite/onlie/templates/目录下创建index.html文件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
    <title></title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>welcome {{username}} !</h1>
<br>
<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/logout/">退出</a>
</body>
</html>

使用功能

查看cookies:

点击退出后，cookies中将不再显示用户名信息。