JS中的reduce函数

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定义:

reduce()方法接受一个函数作为累加器,数组中的每个值(从左向右)开始缩减,最终计算为一个值。对空数组是不会执行回调函数的。

案例:

  1. 计算数组总和:
    var num = [1,2,3,4,5];
    var res = num.reduce(function(total,num){
        return total+num;
        //return total + Math.round(num);//对数组元素四舍五入并计算总和
    },0);
    console.log(res);//15
    //num.reduce((total,num) => total += num, 0);
    //没有初始值initialValue(即上面例子中的0),当数组为0时会抛出异常提示reduce函数没有初始值,所以为兼容性一般加上initialValue
  2. 合并二维数组
    var red = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce(function(a, b) {
     return a.concat(b);
    }, []);
    console.log(red)
    VM291:4 (6) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
  3. 统计一个数组中有多少个不重复的单词
    不用reduce时:
    var arr = ["apple","orange","apple","orange","pear","orange"];
    function getWordCnt(){
      var obj = {};
      for(var i= 0, l = arr.length; i< l; i++){
        var item = arr[i];
        obj[item] = (obj[item] +1 ) || 1;
      }
      return obj;
    }
    console.log(getWordCnt());
    VM3704:14 {apple: 2, orange: 3, pear: 1}
    
    用reduce时:
    var arr = ["apple","orange","apple","orange","pear","orange"];
    function getWordCnt(){
      return arr.reduce(function(prev,next){
        prev[next] = (prev[next] + 1) || 1;
        return prev;
      },{});
    }
    console.log(getWordCnt());
    VM3704:14 {apple: 2, orange: 3, pear: 1}

理解:

reduce(callback,initialValue)会传入两个参数,回调函数(callback)和初始值(initialValue)。当没有传入初始值时,prev是从数组中第一个元素开始的,next是数组的第二个元素;当传入初始值(initialValue)后,第一个prev将是initialValue,next将是数组中的第一个元素。

例如:

var arr = ["apple","orange"];
function noPassValue(){
  return arr.reduce(function(prev,next){
    console.log("prev:",prev);
    console.log("next:",next);
    return prev;
  });
}

function passValue(){
  return arr.reduce(function(prev,next){
    console.log("prev:",prev);
    console.log("next:",next);
    prev[next] = 1;
    return prev;
  },{});
}
console.log("No Additional parameter:",noPassValue());
console.log("----------------");
console.log("With {} as an additional parameter:",passValue());

运行结果为:

 文章转载自:https://www.cnblogs.com/mafeng/p/10249887.html

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/planetwithpig/p/11733008.html