1、sudo -E
-E选项在man page中的解释是：
-E
The -E (preserve environment) option indicates to the security policy that the user wishes to preserve their existing environment variables. The security policy may return an error if the -E option is specified and the user does not have permission to preserve the environment.
简单来说，就是加上-E选项后，用户可以在sudo执行时保留当前用户已存在的环境变量，不会被sudo重置，另外，如果用户对于指定的环境变量没有权限，则会报错。