vscode在UBUNTU下使用CMAKE编译

打开一个含有CMakeLists.txt的文件夹
在.vscode要建立三个json文件才能对Cmake工程进行编译和调试，分别是c_cpp_properties.json，launch.json和tasks.json

1. c_cpp_properties.json文件
   Ctrl+Shift+P,输入C/C++,选择C/C++: Edit Configurations(JSON)
   修改为如下:

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Linux",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

2. launch.json文件
   choose Run > Add Configuration... and then choose C++ (GDB/LLDB).
   配置如下：

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            // Resolved by CMake Tools:
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/Hello",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

3. tasks.json是编译任务的文件，
   choose Terminal > Configure Default Build Task. A dropdown appears showing various predefined build tasks for C++ compilers. Choose C/C++: g++ build active file.
   
   更改为如下:

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "make build",//编译的项目名，build
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "cd ./build ;cmake .. ;make",//编译命令
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "clean",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "make clean",
            

        }
    ]
}

4. 自己的CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
project(Hello)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")
add_definitions(-std=c++11)
set(SOURCE hello.cpp)
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SOURCE})

5. hello.cpp

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    cout << "hello world" << endl;
}

6. ctrl+shift+B运行代码，成功。

可能存在的问题：

1. 在刚开始打开vscode的时候，可能会自动建立build文件夹，在配置完3个文件后，把自动创建的build文件夹删除，然后再创建一个空的build文件夹，然后执行ctrl+shift+B
2. launch.json文件创造出错，解决办法，删掉.vscode文件夹，然后关闭vscode ,重新打开，让c / c ++扩展来创建c_cpp_properties.json文件，然后再按Run > Add Configuration即可创建