java实现 http请求的同步和异步发送

http同步请求 一般使用httpClient实现

 private void sendRequest() throws Exception{
    String path ="/statistic/info";
    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    // 创建一个 GET 请求
    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(path);
    // 执行请求
    CloseableHttpResponse response =httpClient.execute(httpGet);
    //取响应的结果
    int statusCode =response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
    System.out.println(statusCode);
    String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
    System.out.println(content);
    //关闭httpclient
    response.close();
    httpClient.close();
}

  

http异步请求

1.通过httpAsncClient实现

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.concurrent.FutureCallback;
import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.CloseableHttpAsyncClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.HttpAsyncClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] argv) {
        CloseableHttpAsyncClient httpclient = HttpAsyncClients.createDefault();
        httpclient.start();

        final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        final HttpGet request = new HttpGet("https://www.alipay.com/");

        System.out.println(" caller thread id is : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());

        httpclient.execute(request, new FutureCallback<HttpResponse>() {
       @Override
            public void completed(final HttpResponse response) {
                latch.countDown();
                System.out.println(" callback thread id is : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
                System.out.println(request.getRequestLine() + "->" + response.getStatusLine());
                try {
                    String content = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
                    System.out.println(" response content is : " + content);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
       @Override
            public void failed(final Exception ex) {
                latch.countDown();
                System.out.println(request.getRequestLine() + "->" + ex);
                System.out.println(" callback thread id is : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            }
       @Override
            public void cancelled() {
                latch.countDown();
                System.out.println(request.getRequestLine() + " cancelled");
                System.out.println(" callback thread id is : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
            }

        });
        try {
            latch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        try {
            httpclient.close();
        } catch (IOException ignore) {

        }
    }
}

  

2.还是通过同步请求,但是另起一个线程来计时,这种本质上有一个线程始终在堵塞,等待web端资源的返回。

HttpClient包中,三个设置超时的地方:

/* 从连接池中取连接的超时时间*/ 
ConnManagerParams.setTimeout(params, 1000); 
/*连接超时*/ 
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, 2000); 
/*请求超时*/
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, 4000);

ConnectionPoolTimeout:
定义了从ConnectionManager管理的连接池中取出连接的超时时间。
出错会抛出ConnectionPoolTimeoutException

ConnectionTimeout:  
定义了通过网络与server建立连接的超时时间,Httpclient包中通过一个异步线程去创建与server的socket连接,这就是该socket连接的超时时间。
当连接HTTPserver或者等待HttpConnectionManager管理的一个有效连接超时出错会抛出ConnectionTimeoutException

SocketTimeout:    
这定义了Socket读数据的超时时间,即从server获取响应数据须要等待的时间。
当读取或者接收Socket超时会抛出SocketTimeoutException

httpClient 请求头设置:

Accept、Connection、User-Agent

Accept:表示浏览器可以接收到的类型

*/*:表示所有类型

Connection:分为两种串行连接、持久连接(keep-alive)、管道化持久连接

1.串行连接中,每次交互都要打开关闭连接

2.持久连接中,第一次交互会打开连接,交互结束后连接并不关闭,下次交互就省去了建立连接的过程。

3.管道化持久连接,允许在持久连接的基础上,可选的使用传输管道,消除传输时延。

User-Agent:用户

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/pass-ion/p/14073468.html