编程之美2015资格赛 解题报告

题目链接:http://hihocoder.com/contest/msbop2015qual/problems

A. 2月29日

首先为了方便处理可以分类一下把问题转化成第a年到第b年的闰年数量。

然后如果要求fun(x)=1~x年中闰年的数量,容斥一下就是 (1~x中4的倍数) - (1~x中100的倍数) + (1~x中400的倍数)

答案为fun(b) - fun(a-1)。

代码(1ms):

 1 #include <cstdio>
 2 #include <algorithm>
 3 #include <cstring>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 string month[] = {"January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November" , "December"};
 8 int T, n;
 9 
10 int get_month(string s) {
11     return find(month, month + 12, s) - month + 1;
12 }
13 
14 int calc(int y) {
15     return y / 4 - y / 100 + y / 400;
16 }
17 
18 char str[15];
19 int yy, dd, mm;
20 
21 int main() {
22     scanf("%d", &T);
23     for(int t = 1; t <= T; ++t) {
24         scanf("%s %d, %d", str, &dd, &yy);
25         mm = get_month(str);
26         int a = calc(yy + (mm > 2) - 1);
27 
28         scanf("%s %d, %d", str, &dd, &yy);
29         mm = get_month(str);
30         int b = calc(yy - (mm < 2 || (mm == 2 && dd < 29)));
31         printf("Case #%d: %d
", t, b - a);
32     }
33 }
View Code

B. 回文字符序列

此题为DP,用dp[i][j]表示s[i..j]中的回文子序列数量。

那么,不考虑s[i] = s[j]的回文串,dp[i][j] = dp[i+1][j] + dp[i][j - 1] - dp[i+1][j-1](容斥,怎么又是容斥……)

那么考虑包含s[i] = s[j]的回文串,dp[i][j] = dp[i + 1][j - 1] + 1(1表示回文串s[i]s[j])

其中初始化为s[i][i] = 1。

记得取模。答案为dp[1][n]。

代码(126ms):

 1 #include <cstdio>
 2 #include <algorithm>
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <cstring>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 const int MAXN = 1010;
 8 const int MOD = 100007;
 9 
10 char s[MAXN];
11 int dp[MAXN][MAXN];
12 int T, n;
13 
14 int solve() {
15     for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) dp[i][i] = 1;
16     for(int step = 1; step < n; ++step) {
17         for(int l = 0; l + step < n; ++l) {
18             int r = l + step;
19             dp[l][r] = (dp[l + 1][r] + dp[l][r - 1] - dp[l + 1][r - 1] + MOD) % MOD;
20             if(s[l] == s[r]) {
21                 dp[l][r] = (dp[l][r] + dp[l + 1][r - 1] + 1) % MOD;
22             }
23         }
24     }
25     return dp[0][n - 1];
26 }
27 
28 int main() {
29     scanf("%d", &T);
30     for(int t = 1; t <= T; ++t) {
31         scanf("%s", s);
32         n = strlen(s);
33         printf("Case #%d: %d
", t, solve());
34     }
35 }
View Code

C. 基站选址

这题我就随手写了个模拟退火……

其实这题的用户坐标的x、y是无关的,在不考虑基站的情况下,质心P(sum{x}/A, sum{y}/B)是最好的(求导可得)。

然而,P移动一个坐标,sum{(A-P)·(A-P)}的偏移≥1,而与基站的哈曼顿距离偏移≤1。

那么只要枚举P周围的9个点就行了,复杂度O(A+B)。不放心的可以枚举25个点。

代码(95ms):

 1 #include <cstdio>
 2 #include <cstring>
 3 #include <algorithm>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 #include <cmath>
 6 #include <cassert>
 7 using namespace std;
 8 typedef long long LL;
 9 
10 const int MAXN = 1010;
11 
12 int ax[MAXN], ay[MAXN], bx[MAXN], by[MAXN];
13 int a, b, n, m, T;
14 int now_x, now_y;
15 
16 LL sqr(int x, int y) {
17     return LL(x) * x + LL(y) * y;
18 }
19 
20 LL calc(int x, int y) {
21     LL res = 0x3f3f3f3f;
22     for(int i = 0; i < b; ++i)
23         res = min(res, LL(abs(x - bx[i]) + abs(y - by[i])));
24     for(int i = 0; i < a; ++i)
25         res += sqr(x - ax[i], y - ay[i]);
26     return res;
27 }
28 
29 LL get_ans(int x, int y) {
30     LL res = ~(1LL << 63);
31     for(int i = -1; i <= 1; ++i)
32         for(int j = -1; j <= 1; ++j) res = min(res, calc(x + i, y + j));
33     return res;
34 }
35 
36 LL solve() {
37     static int fx[] = {1, 0, -1, 0};
38     static int fy[] = {0, 1, 0, -1};
39 
40     int x = (n + 1) / 2, y = (n + 1) / 2;
41     double step = max(n, m) / 2, v = 0.95;
42     LL res = calc(x, y);
43 
44     while(step > 1e-4) {
45         int p = int(ceil(step));
46         for(int f = 0; f < 4; ++f) {
47             int new_x = x + p * fx[f], new_y = y + p * fy[f];
48             LL tmp = calc(new_x, new_y);
49             if(tmp < res) {
50                 res = tmp;
51                 x = new_x, y = new_y;
52             }
53         }
54         step *= v;
55     }
56     //cout<<res<<" # debug #"<<endl; assert(get_ans(x, y) == res);
57     return get_ans(x, y);
58 }
59 
60 LL test() {
61     LL res = ~(1LL << 63);
62     for(int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
63         for(int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) res = min(res, calc(i, j));
64     return res;
65 }
66 
67 int main() {
68     //freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
69     scanf("%d", &T);
70     for(int t = 1; t <= T; ++t) {
71         scanf("%d%d%d%d", &n, &m, &a, &b);
72         for(int i = 0; i < a; ++i) scanf("%d%d", &ax[i], &ay[i]);
73         for(int i = 0; i < b; ++i) scanf("%d%d", &bx[i], &by[i]);
74         //cout<<calc(2, 2)<<endl;
75         cout<<"Case #"<<t<<": "<<solve()<<endl;
76         //cout<<"#debug "<<test()<<endl;
77     }
78 }
View Code
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/oyking/p/4445006.html