Java实现时钟小程序

哎,好久没上博客园发东西了,上一次还是两个月前的五一写的一篇计算器博客,不过意外的是那个程序成了这学期的Java大作业,所以后来稍微改了一下那个程序就交了上去,这还是美滋滋。然后五月中旬的时候写了一个2048小游戏,由于写完第二个版本第二天就生病了,休养了好几天才缓过来,最后嫌麻烦就没发园子里了,直接挂Github上了。然后又忙着准备期末,期末玩休息了5天又开始数据库课程设计,用Java写了一个小系统,花了一个星期左右,写了差不多3500行了。然后写完就放学了,放学的日子就感觉自己开始懒散了,静不下心来写东西,每天睡觉,看一些无聊的视频。。。前几天算是缓过神来,找回了脑子,于是又开始想着在放弃Java之前再多写一点东西,于是花了两个下午写了一个时钟,感觉看着还行。

-----------------------------------以下是正经话-----------------------------------

  其实这个程序并不难,主要是用Java 2D画图,弄一个线程,每隔一秒,依照时针分针秒针各自的速度重新计算它们走过的角度(相对12点方向顺时针偏离的角度),利用这个角度算出它们各自端点的坐标,重绘一次表针,达到刷新的目的,最后时限走动的效果,思路很简单,清晰明了。但是关键是这个画图呀,想着很容易,重写继承过来的JFrame里的paint函数就行,最后发现效果并不是期待的那样,而是一闪一闪的,于是去寻找原因,结果,尼玛,原来水这么深,一下子触到了知识盲区,什么repaint的实现细节,先调用update,再调用paint,update函数又是如何工作的,慢慢弄懂了它为什么会一闪一闪的原因,然后寻找解决办法,然后就看到了什么双缓冲原理,WTF!什么玩意呀,根本没听过,然后乖乖地去看那东西的实现原理,又看到有人建议不要去重写paint方法,说是会遇到诸多意想不到的问题,建议去重写paintComponent方法,可是书本上画图的例子都是重写paint方法呀,况且我也没听过paintComponent,无奈,又去看了一下paint的工作原理,原来它会调用paintComponent,最后放弃了自己实现双缓冲,乖乖改用了paintComponent。。。

  其实我还遇到了几个脑残的问题,比如在画秒针时,直接把画时针的部分代码复制下来,最后忘了改掉走动的速度,结果运行时还在想秒针怎么走不动呢?原谅我是个逗逼,还有什么秒针逆时针走动,最后才发现算坐标时误把y轴正方向当成了向上,哎。。。

  Anyway,最后运行的效果还是挺好的

-----------------------------------以下是代码-----------------------------------

  1 import java.awt.*;
  2 import java.util.Date; 
  3 import javax.swing.*;
  4 
  5 public class Clock extends JComponent{    
  6     /**
  7      * 
  8      */
  9     private static final long serialVersionUID = -5379472973578609775L;
 10     private Font f = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.PLAIN,15);
 11     private Font f2 = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,15);
 12     private JLabel l = new JLabel("当前时间:");
 13     private JLabel display = new JLabel();
 14     private JLabel display2 = new JLabel("");
 15     private int hour = 0;
 16     private int min = 0;
 17     private int sec = 0;
 18     private Date now = new Date();
 19     private Graphics2D g;
 20     final double PI = Math.PI;
 21     private String strTime = "" ;
 22     
 23     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
 24     public Clock(){        
 25         add(l);
 26         l.setBounds(120, 320, 80, 20);
 27         l.setFont(f);
 28         add(display);
 29         display.setBounds(195, 320, 80, 20);
 30         display.setFont(f);
 31         display.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.black));
 32         add(display2);
 33         display2.setBounds(90, 350, 250, 20);
 34         display2.setFont(f);
 35         hour = now.getHours();
 36         min = now.getMinutes();
 37         sec = now.getSeconds();
 38         setVisible(true);
 39     }
 40 
 41     public void paintComponent(Graphics g1){
 42         double x,y;
 43         super.paintComponent(g1);
 44         g = (Graphics2D) g1;
 45         //反锯齿开关开
 46         g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
 47         
 48         //画表盘
 49         g.setPaint(new GradientPaint(5,40,Color.blue,15,50,Color.yellow,true));
 50         g.setStroke( new BasicStroke(3,BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT,BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL));
 51         g.drawOval(75, 40, 250, 250);
 52         g.fillOval(195, 160, 10, 10);
 53         g.setColor(Color.black);
 54         
 55         //画60个点
 56         for(int i = 0;i < 60;i++)
 57         {
 58             double[] co = new double[2];
 59             co = paint_Dot(i * 2 * PI / 60);
 60             x = co[0];
 61             y = co[1];
 62             if(i == 0 || i == 15 || i == 30 || i == 45)//画3,6,9,12四个大点
 63             {
 64                 g.fillOval((int)(x - 5 + 200),(int)(y - 5 + 165),10,10);
 65             }
 66             else//其他小点
 67             {
 68                 g.fillOval((int)(x - 2.5 + 200),(int)(y - 2.5 + 165),5,5);
 69             }
 70         }
 71         
 72         //画四个数字
 73         g.setFont(f2);
 74         g.drawString("3", 300, 171);
 75         g.drawString("6", 195, 273);
 76         g.drawString("9", 91, 171);
 77         g.drawString("12", 190, 68);
 78         
 79         //画时针,分针,秒针
 80         paint_HourPointer(hour*3600 + min*60 + sec,g);//时针走过的秒数
 81         paint_MinutePointer(min*60 + sec,g);//分针走过的秒数
 82         paint_SecondPointer(sec,g);//秒针走过的秒数
 83     }
 84     
 85     public void showUI(){
 86         new Thread() {
 87             @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
 88             public void run() {
 89                 while (true) 
 90                 {
 91                     now = new Date();
 92                     hour = now.getHours();
 93                     min = now.getMinutes();
 94                     sec = now.getSeconds();
 95                     try {
 96                         Thread.sleep(1000);
 97                     } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
 98                         ex.printStackTrace();
 99                     }
100                     showTime();
101                     repaint();
102                 }
103             }
104         }.start();
105     }
106     
107     public void paint_HourPointer(int second,Graphics2D g){//second表示当前时间的时针相对00:00:00走了多少秒
108         double x,y,angle; 
109         angle = second * PI / 21600;//时针的速度为PI/21600 (rad/s)
110         x = 200 + 60 * Math.sin(angle);
111         y = 165 - 60 * Math.cos(angle);
112         g.setStroke( new BasicStroke(5,BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
113         g.setPaint(new GradientPaint(200,165,Color.red,260,165,Color.blue,true));
114         g.drawLine(200, 165, (int)x, (int)y);
115     }
116     
117     public void paint_MinutePointer(int second,Graphics2D g){//second表示当前时间的分针相对00:00:00走了多少秒
118         double x,y,angle;
119         angle = second * PI / 1800;//分针的速度为PI/1800 (rad/s)
120         x = 200 + 80 * Math.sin(angle);
121         y = 165 - 80 * Math.cos(angle);
122         g.setStroke( new BasicStroke(3,BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
123         g.setPaint(new GradientPaint(200,165,Color.magenta,280,165,Color.blue,true));
124         g.drawLine(200, 165, (int)x, (int)y);
125     }
126     
127     public void paint_SecondPointer(int second,Graphics2D g){//second表示当前时间的秒针相对00:00:00走了多少秒
128         double x,y,x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,angle;
129         double cos = 90 / Math.sqrt(8125);//90*90+5*5
130         double sin = 5 / Math.sqrt(8125);
131         angle = second * PI / 30;//时针的速度为PI/30 (rad/s)
132         x = 200 + 95 * Math.sin(angle);
133         y = 165 - 95 * Math.cos(angle);
134         x1 = 200 + 20 * Math.sin(angle + PI);
135         y1 = 165 - 20 * Math.cos(angle + PI);
136         x2 = 200 + Math.sqrt(8125)* ( Math.sin(angle)*cos - Math.cos(angle)*sin ); //sin(a-b)
137         y2 = 165 - Math.sqrt(8125)* ( Math.cos(angle)*cos + Math.sin(angle)*sin ); //cos(a-b)
138         x3 = 200 + Math.sqrt(8125)* ( Math.sin(angle)*cos + Math.cos(angle)*sin ); //sin(a+b)
139         y3 = 165 - Math.sqrt(8125)* ( Math.cos(angle)*cos - Math.sin(angle)*sin ); //cos(a+b)
140         g.setStroke( new BasicStroke(2,BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT,BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL));
141         g.setPaint(new GradientPaint(180,165,Color.CYAN,295,165,Color.MAGENTA,true));
142         g.drawLine((int)x1, (int)y1, (int)x, (int)y);
143         g.drawLine((int)x2, (int)y2, (int)x, (int)y);
144         g.drawLine((int)x3, (int)y3, (int)x, (int)y);
145     }
146     
147     public double[] paint_Dot(double angle){
148         double[] co = new double[2];
149         co[0] = 115 * Math.cos(angle);//横坐标
150         co[1] = 115 * Math.sin(angle);//纵坐标
151         return co;
152     }
153     
154     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
155     private void showTime(){
156         String date;
157         int hour_temp = hour,min_temp = min,sec_temp = sec;
158         sec_temp += 1 ;
159         if(sec_temp >= 60)
160         {
161             sec_temp = 0;
162             min_temp += 1 ;
163         }
164         if(min_temp>=60){
165             min_temp=0;
166             hour_temp+=1;
167         }
168         if(hour_temp < 10)
169             strTime = "0" + hour_temp + ":";
170         else
171             strTime = "" + hour_temp + ":";
172          
173         if(min_temp < 10)
174             strTime = strTime + "0" + min_temp + ":";
175         else
176             strTime = strTime + "" + min_temp + ":";
177          
178         if(sec < 10)
179             strTime = strTime + "0" + sec_temp;
180         else
181             strTime = strTime + "" + sec_temp;
182         //在窗体上设置显示时间
183         date = " " + (now.getYear()+1900) + "年" + (now.getMonth()+1) + "月" + now.getDate() + "日   " + "星期" ;
184         switch (now.getDay()) {
185         case 1:
186             date += "一";
187             break;
188         case 2:
189             date += "二";
190             break;
191         case 3:
192             date += "三";
193             break;
194         case 4:
195             date += "四";
196             break;
197         case 5:
198             date += "五";
199             break;
200         case 6:
201             date += "六";
202             break;
203         case 7:
204             date += "日";
205             break;
206         }
207         date += "  CST";
208         strTime = "  " + strTime; 
209         display.setText(strTime);
210         display2.setText(date);
211     }
212     
213     public static void main(String args[]){
214         Clock c = new Clock();
215         c.showUI();
216         JFrame f = new JFrame("Clock By XJX");
217         Image img=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("title.gif");//窗口图标
218         f.setIconImage(img);
219         f.setSize(400,400);
220         f.setResizable(false);
221         f.add(c, BorderLayout.CENTER);
222         f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
223         f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
224         f.setVisible(true);
225     }
226 }
只有0和1的世界是简单的
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/nullxjx/p/7145940.html