直接改变元素值,或者在复制到另一区间的过程中改变元素值
| For_each | 针对每个元素执行某项操作 |
| Copy | 从第一个元素开始复制某段区间 |
| Copy_backward | 从最后一个元素开始复制某段区间 |
| Transform | 变动（并复制）元素，将两个区间元素合并 |
| Merge | 合并两个区间 |
| Swap_ranges | 交换区间内的元素 |
| Fill | 以给定值替换每个元素 |
| Finn_n | 以给定值替换n个元素 |
| Generate | 以某项操作的结果替换每个元素 |
| Generate_n | 以某项操作的结果替换n个元素 |
| Replace | 将具有某特定值的元素替换为另一个值 |
| Replace_if | 将符合条件的元素替换为另一个值 |
| Replace_copy | 复制整个区间，同时将具有某特定值的元素替换为另一个值 |
| Replace_copy_if | 复制整个区间，同时将符合条件的元素替换为另一个值 |
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
template<class T>
class FunctionObjectType
{
private:
T theValue;
public:
FunctionObjectType(const T& v):theValue(v)
{
}
public:
void operator()(T &i)
{
i += theValue;
}
};
/*--------------打印元素-------------*/
template<class T>
inline void PrintElements(const T& coll,const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout<<optcstr;
for(pos=coll.begin();pos != coll.end(); ++pos)
std::cout<<*pos<<" ";
std::cout<<std::endl;
}
template<class T>
inline void PrintElementsPos(const T& coll,const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout<<optcstr;
for(pos=coll.begin();pos != coll.end(); ++pos)
std::cout<<&*pos<<" ";
std::cout<<std::endl;
}
/*--------------插入int型数据------------------*/
template<class T>
inline void InsertElements(T& coll,int first,int last)
{
for(int i = first; i<=last; ++i)
coll.insert(coll.end(),i);
}
void print(int elem)
{
std::cout<< elem << " ";
}
//for_each对每个元素执行操作
void Learn_for_each2()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn for_each2()"<<endl;
vector<int> coll;
InsertElements(coll,1,9);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"每个元素与第一个元素求和"<<endl;
for_each(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
FunctionObjectType<int>(*coll.begin()));
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<endl;
}
void Learn_copy()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn copy() copy_backward()"<<endl;
vector<int> coll1;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll1,1,9);
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
std::cout<<"使用back_inserter把coll1拷贝到coll2"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),back_inserter(coll2));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"使用front_inserter把coll1拷贝到coll2"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),front_inserter(coll2));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"使用inserter把coll1拷贝到coll2,从第开始处插入"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),inserter(coll2,coll2.begin()));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
//coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"把coll1拷贝到coll2,从第二个元素开始覆盖"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),++coll2.begin());
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
//coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"使用ostream_iterator，cout"<<std::endl;
copy(coll2.begin(),coll2.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
std::cout<<std::endl;
coll2.clear();
vector<char> source(10,'.');
for(int c='a';c<='f';c++)
{
source.push_back(c);
}
source.insert(source.end(),10,'.');
PrintElements(source,"source : ");
std::cout<<"从位置7开始copy"<<std::endl;
vector<char> c1(source.begin(),source.end());
copy(c1.begin()+10,c1.begin()+16,c1.begin()+7);
PrintElements(c1,"coll3 : ");
std::cout<<"从位置7开始backward copy"<<std::endl;
vector<char> c2(source.begin(),source.end());
copy_backward(c2.begin()+10,c2.begin()+16,c2.begin()+7);
PrintElements(c2,"coll3 : ");
}
void Learn_transforming()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn transforming()"<<endl;
std::cout<<"复制修改元素一气完成"<<endl;
vector<int> coll1;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll1,1,9);
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
std::cout<<"求反 ： "<<std::endl;
transform(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),coll1.begin(),negate<int>());
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 negate : ");
std::cout<<"10倍 ： "<<std::endl;
transform(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),
back_inserter(coll2),
bind2nd(multiplies<int>(),10));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 bind2nd : ");
std::cout<<"求反 ： ";
transform(coll2.begin(),coll2.end(),
ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "),
negate<int>());
}
void Learn_swap_ranges()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn swap_ranges()"<<endl;
vector<int> coll1;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll1,1,9);
InsertElements(coll2,20,35);
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
std::cout<<"交换 ： "<<std::endl;
list<int>::iterator pos;
pos = swap_ranges(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),coll2.begin());
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
if(pos != coll2.end())
{
std::cout<<"第一个没有交换的元素是："<<*pos<<std::endl;
}
std::cout<<"第一个元素"<<*coll2.begin() <<"和最后一个元素"<<*coll2.rbegin()<<"互换："<<std::endl;
swap_ranges(coll2.begin(),++coll2.begin(),coll2.rbegin());
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
}
void Learn_fill()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn fill() fill_n()"<<endl;
list<string> coll;
std::cout<<"填充10次‘hello’ ： "<<std::endl;
fill_n(back_inserter(coll),10,"hello");
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"coll用world填充 ： "<<std::endl;
fill(coll.begin(),coll.end(),"world");
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"填充8次‘hello’ ： "<<std::endl;
fill_n(coll.begin(),8,"hello");
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
}
void Learn_generate()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn generate() generate_n()"<<endl;
list<int> coll;
std::cout<<"赋值 10次随机值 ： "<<std::endl;
generate_n(back_inserter(coll),10,rand);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"赋随机值 ： "<<std::endl;
generate(coll.begin(),coll.end(),rand);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
}
void Learn_replace()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn replace() replace_if() replace_copy() replace_copy_if()"<<endl;
list<int> coll;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll,2,7);
InsertElements(coll,5,9);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"值为6的元素替换为1： "<<std::endl;
replace(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
6,
1);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"小于5的元素替换为0： "<<std::endl;
replace_if(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
bind2nd(less<int>(),5),
0);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"拷贝coll到coll2，拷贝过程中把5替换为55： "<<std::endl;
replace_copy(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
back_inserter(coll2),
5,
55);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
std::cout<<"拷贝coll到coll2，拷贝过程中把小于5的替换为11： "<<std::endl;
replace_copy_if(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
back_inserter(coll2),
bind2nd(less<int>(),5),
11);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
}
int main()
{
cout<<"hello world"<<endl;
//--------------------变动性算法--------begin
Learn_for_each2();
Learn_copy();
Learn_transforming();
Learn_swap_ranges();
Learn_fill();
Learn_generate();
Learn_replace();
//cin.get();
return 0;
}
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
template<class T>
class FunctionObjectType
{
private:
T theValue;
public:
FunctionObjectType(const T& v):theValue(v)
{
}
public:
void operator()(T &i)
{
i += theValue;
}
};
/*--------------打印元素-------------*/
template<class T>
inline void PrintElements(const T& coll,const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout<<optcstr;
for(pos=coll.begin();pos != coll.end(); ++pos)
std::cout<<*pos<<" ";
std::cout<<std::endl;
}
template<class T>
inline void PrintElementsPos(const T& coll,const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout<<optcstr;
for(pos=coll.begin();pos != coll.end(); ++pos)
std::cout<<&*pos<<" ";
std::cout<<std::endl;
}
/*--------------插入int型数据------------------*/
template<class T>
inline void InsertElements(T& coll,int first,int last)
{
for(int i = first; i<=last; ++i)
coll.insert(coll.end(),i);
}
void print(int elem)
{
std::cout<< elem << " ";
}
//for_each对每个元素执行操作
void Learn_for_each2()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn for_each2()"<<endl;
vector<int> coll;
InsertElements(coll,1,9);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"每个元素与第一个元素求和"<<endl;
for_each(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
FunctionObjectType<int>(*coll.begin()));
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<endl;
}
void Learn_copy()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn copy() copy_backward()"<<endl;
vector<int> coll1;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll1,1,9);
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
std::cout<<"使用back_inserter把coll1拷贝到coll2"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),back_inserter(coll2));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"使用front_inserter把coll1拷贝到coll2"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),front_inserter(coll2));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"使用inserter把coll1拷贝到coll2,从第开始处插入"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),inserter(coll2,coll2.begin()));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
//coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"把coll1拷贝到coll2,从第二个元素开始覆盖"<<std::endl;
copy(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),++coll2.begin());
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
//coll2.clear();
std::cout<<"使用ostream_iterator，cout"<<std::endl;
copy(coll2.begin(),coll2.end(),ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "));
std::cout<<std::endl;
coll2.clear();
vector<char> source(10,'.');
for(int c='a';c<='f';c++)
{
source.push_back(c);
}
source.insert(source.end(),10,'.');
PrintElements(source,"source : ");
std::cout<<"从位置7开始copy"<<std::endl;
vector<char> c1(source.begin(),source.end());
copy(c1.begin()+10,c1.begin()+16,c1.begin()+7);
PrintElements(c1,"coll3 : ");
std::cout<<"从位置7开始backward copy"<<std::endl;
vector<char> c2(source.begin(),source.end());
copy_backward(c2.begin()+10,c2.begin()+16,c2.begin()+7);
PrintElements(c2,"coll3 : ");
}
void Learn_transforming()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn transforming()"<<endl;
std::cout<<"复制修改元素一气完成"<<endl;
vector<int> coll1;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll1,1,9);
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
std::cout<<"求反 ： "<<std::endl;
transform(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),coll1.begin(),negate<int>());
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 negate : ");
std::cout<<"10倍 ： "<<std::endl;
transform(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),
back_inserter(coll2),
bind2nd(multiplies<int>(),10));
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 bind2nd : ");
std::cout<<"求反 ： ";
transform(coll2.begin(),coll2.end(),
ostream_iterator<int>(cout," "),
negate<int>());
}
void Learn_swap_ranges()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn swap_ranges()"<<endl;
vector<int> coll1;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll1,1,9);
InsertElements(coll2,20,35);
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
std::cout<<"交换 ： "<<std::endl;
list<int>::iterator pos;
pos = swap_ranges(coll1.begin(),coll1.end(),coll2.begin());
PrintElements(coll1,"coll1 : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
if(pos != coll2.end())
{
std::cout<<"第一个没有交换的元素是："<<*pos<<std::endl;
}
std::cout<<"第一个元素"<<*coll2.begin() <<"和最后一个元素"<<*coll2.rbegin()<<"互换："<<std::endl;
swap_ranges(coll2.begin(),++coll2.begin(),coll2.rbegin());
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
}
void Learn_fill()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn fill() fill_n()"<<endl;
list<string> coll;
std::cout<<"填充10次‘hello’ ： "<<std::endl;
fill_n(back_inserter(coll),10,"hello");
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"coll用world填充 ： "<<std::endl;
fill(coll.begin(),coll.end(),"world");
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"填充8次‘hello’ ： "<<std::endl;
fill_n(coll.begin(),8,"hello");
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
}
void Learn_generate()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn generate() generate_n()"<<endl;
list<int> coll;
std::cout<<"赋值 10次随机值 ： "<<std::endl;
generate_n(back_inserter(coll),10,rand);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"赋随机值 ： "<<std::endl;
generate(coll.begin(),coll.end(),rand);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
}
void Learn_replace()
{
std::cout<<std::endl<<"--------------------in Learn replace() replace_if() replace_copy() replace_copy_if()"<<endl;
list<int> coll;
list<int> coll2;
InsertElements(coll,2,7);
InsertElements(coll,5,9);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"值为6的元素替换为1： "<<std::endl;
replace(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
6,
1);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"小于5的元素替换为0： "<<std::endl;
replace_if(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
bind2nd(less<int>(),5),
0);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
std::cout<<"拷贝coll到coll2，拷贝过程中把5替换为55： "<<std::endl;
replace_copy(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
back_inserter(coll2),
5,
55);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
std::cout<<"拷贝coll到coll2，拷贝过程中把小于5的替换为11： "<<std::endl;
replace_copy_if(coll.begin(),coll.end(),
back_inserter(coll2),
bind2nd(less<int>(),5),
11);
PrintElements(coll,"coll : ");
PrintElements(coll2,"coll2 : ");
}
int main()
{
cout<<"hello world"<<endl;
//--------------------变动性算法--------begin
Learn_for_each2();
Learn_copy();
Learn_transforming();
Learn_swap_ranges();
Learn_fill();
Learn_generate();
Learn_replace();
//cin.get();
return 0;
}