ASP.NET Core中使用Autofac进行属性注入

一些无关紧要的废话:

  作为一名双修程序员(自封的),喜欢那种使用Spring的注解形式进行依赖注入或者Unity的特性形式进行依赖注入,当然,形式大同小异,但结果都是一样的,通过属性进行依赖注入。

  ASP.NET Core中使用了自带的Dependency Injection作为了默认的IOC容器,当然有先天的优势,很多还是喜欢切换到Autofac作为IOC容器,Unity在.Net Core中还是有很大的优势的,但据我所知,Unity5已经由微软转交到基金会了,而且本身文档很少,翻译文档以及研究的就更加少了。

  当然,说了一堆废话,Autofac本身也是支持属性注入的,但是很多还是使用构造器进行注入,我本身也是推荐使用构造器进行注入(其实我不是这么想的),因为使用属性进行注入,将会暴露当前类的属性(Autofac属性注入属性必须为public),Spring可以用private进行注入的,但是不知道为什么,Autofac我使用private的时候注入进来的时候是null,如果文章有错误的话,希望高手能在留言处指出,帮助我及更多人进步。谢谢。

⒈新建一个ASP.NET Core MVC程序。

⒉添加 NuGet 包

Install-Package Autofac
Install-Package Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection

⒊新建实体类,服务抽象,服务实现。(DAL我这里就省略了,自行脑部)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DapperDemo.Models
{
    public class User
    {
        public int id { get; set; }
        public string username { get; set; }
        public string password { get; set; }
        public int enabled { get; set; }
    }
}
using DapperDemo.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DapperDemo.Services
{
    public interface IUserService
    {
        IList<User> GetUsers();
    }
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using DapperDemo.Models;

namespace DapperDemo.Services.Impl
{
    public class UserService : IUserService
    {
        public IList<User> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<User>
            {
                new User
                {
                    id = 1,
                    username = "fanqi",
                    password = "admin",
                    enabled = 1
                }
            };
        }
    }
}

⒋新建一个Aufofac Module,配置注入

using Autofac;
using DapperDemo.Services;
using DapperDemo.Services.Impl;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DapperDemo.Module
{
    public class DefaultModule : Autofac.Module
    {
        protected override void Load(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {

            builder.RegisterType<UserService>().As<IUserService>().PropertiesAutowired()
                .InstancePerLifetimeScope();

            var controllersTypesInAssembly = typeof(Startup).Assembly.GetExportedTypes()
                .Where(type => typeof(ControllerBase).IsAssignableFrom(type)).ToArray();
            builder.RegisterTypes(controllersTypesInAssembly).PropertiesAutowired();

        }
    }
}

⒌修改Startup,替换IOC,使用Autofac作为默认的IOC容器

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Autofac;
using Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using DapperDemo.Module;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace DapperDemo
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2).AddControllersAsServices();
            
            // 添加 Autofac
            var containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();

            containerBuilder.Populate(services);

            containerBuilder.RegisterModule<DefaultModule>();

            var container = containerBuilder.Build();

            return new AutofacServiceProvider(container);
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
            }

            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseCookiePolicy();

            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}

⒍新建控制器,在属性中注入服务抽象实现。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using DapperDemo.Models;
using DapperDemo.Services;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace DapperDemo.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    [ApiController]
    public class UserController : ControllerBase
    {
        public IUserService UserService { protected get; set; }

        [Route("get")]
        public IList<User> GetUsers()
        {
            return UserService.GetUsers();
        }

    }
}

⒎测试

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/netcs/p/12194883.html