Sudoku ZOJ

A Sudoku grid is a 16x16 grid of cells grouped in sixteen 4x4 squares, where some cells are filled with letters from A to P (the first 16 capital letters of the English alphabet), as shown in figure 1a. The game is to fill all the empty grid cells with letters from A to P such that each letter from the grid occurs once only in the line, the column, and the 4x4 square it occupies. The initial content of the grid satisfies the constraints mentioned above and guarantees a unique solution.

Write a Sudoku playing program that reads data sets from a text file. Each data set encodes a grid and contains 16 strings on 16 consecutive lines as shown in figure 2. The i th string stands for the i th line of the grid, is 16 characters long, and starts from the first position of the line. String characters are from the set {A,B,...,P,-}, where - (minus) designates empty grid cells. The data sets are separated by single empty lines and terminate with an end of file. The program prints the solution of the input encoded grids in the same format and order as used for input.

Sample Input

--A----C-----O-I
-J--A-B-P-CGF-H-
--D--F-I-E----P-
-G-EL-H----M-J--
----E----C--G---
-I--K-GA-B---E-J
D-GP--J-F----A--
-E---C-B--DP--OE--
F-M--D--L-K-A
-C--------O-I-LH-
P-C--F-A--B---
---G-OD---J----H
K---J----H-A-P-L
--B--P--E--K--A-
-H--B--K--FI-C--
--F---C--D--H-N-

Sample Output

FPAHMJECNLBDKOGI
OJMIANBDPKCGFLHE
LNDKGFOIJEAHMBPC
BGCELKHPOFIMAJDN
MFHBELPOACKJGNID
CILNKDGAHBMOPEFJ
DOGPIHJMFNLECAKB
JEKAFCNBGIDPLHOM
EBOFPMIJDGHLNKCA
NCJDHBAEKMOFIGLP
HMPLCGKFIAENBDJO
AKIGNODLBPJCEFMH
KDEMJIFNCHGAOPBL
GLBCDPMHEONKJIAF
PHNOBALKMJFIDCEG
IAFJOECGLDPBHMNK

翻译:

Sudoku网格是由16x16个单元格组成的网格,由16个4x4方格组成。单元格中填满了A到P(英文字母表前16个大写字母)的字母,如图1a所示。游戏是用A到P的字母填充所有空的网格单元格,这样来自网格的每个字母只在它所占用的行、列和4x4网格中出现一次。网格的初始内容满足上述约束条件,并保证了唯一的解决方案。

编写一个数独播放程序,从文本文件中读取数据集。每个数据集编码一个网格,并包含16条连续行上的16个字符串,如图2所示。第i个字符串代表网格的第i行,长度为16个字符,从行的第一个位置开始。字符串字符来自集合{A,B,.,P,-},其中-(减号)指定空网格单元格。数据集由单个空行分隔,并以文件结尾结束。该程序以与输入相同的格式和顺序打印输入编码网格的解决方案。

思路:类似与9*9的数独,不过例题输入有点坑。9*9数独链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/mzchuan/p/11434887.html

代码:

  1 #include <cstdio>
  2 #include <fstream>
  3 #include <algorithm>
  4 #include <cmath>
  5 #include <deque>
  6 #include <vector>
  7 #include <queue>
  8 #include <string>
  9 #include <cstring>
 10 #include <map>
 11 #include <stack>
 12 #include <set>
 13 #include <sstream>
 14 #include <iostream>
 15 #define mod 1000000007
 16 #define eps 1e-6
 17 #define ll long long
 18 #define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
 19 using namespace std;
 20 
 21 const int maxn=18000;
 22 int ans[maxn];
 23 struct DLX
 24 {
 25     int n,id;
 26     int L[maxn],R[maxn],U[maxn],D[maxn];
 27     int C[maxn],S[1030],loc[maxn][3];//C代表列,S代表每列有的数字数量,loc代表这个数在数独中的位置和数值
 28     int H[maxn];
 29     void init(int nn)
 30     {
 31         n=nn;
 32         for(int i=0;i<=n;i++)
 33         {
 34             U[i]=D[i]=i;
 35             L[i]=i-1;
 36             R[i]=i+1;
 37         }
 38         L[0]=n; R[n]=0;
 39         id=n;
 40         memset(S,0,sizeof(S));
 41         memset(H,-1,sizeof(H));
 42     }
 43     void Link(int x,int y,int px,int py,int k)
 44     {
 45         ++id;
 46         D[id]=y; U[id]=U[y];
 47         D[U[y]]=id; U[y]=id;
 48         loc[id][0]=px,loc[id][1]=py,loc[id][2]=k;//存放数的位置和数
 49         C[id]=y;
 50         S[y]++;//此列1的数量加一
 51         if(H[x]==-1) H[x]=L[id]=R[id]=id;
 52         else
 53         {
 54             int a=H[x];
 55             int b=R[a];
 56             L[id]=a; R[a]=id;
 57             R[id]=b; L[b]=id;
 58             H[x]=id;
 59         }
 60     }
 61     void Remove(int c)
 62     {
 63         L[R[c]]=L[c];
 64         R[L[c]]=R[c];
 65         for(int i=D[c];i!=c;i=D[i])
 66             for(int j=R[i];j!=i;j=R[j])
 67         {
 68             U[D[j]]=U[j];
 69             D[U[j]]=D[j];
 70             S[C[j]]--;
 71         }
 72     }
 73     void Resume(int c)
 74     {
 75         for(int i=U[c];i!=c;i=U[i])
 76             for(int j=R[i];j!=i;j=R[j])
 77         {
 78             S[C[j]]++;
 79             U[D[j]]=j;
 80             D[U[j]]=j;
 81         }
 82         L[R[c]]=c;
 83         R[L[c]]=c;
 84     }
 85     bool dfs(int step)
 86     {
 87         if(step==256) return true;
 88         if(R[0]==0) return false;
 89         int c=R[0];
 90         for(int i=R[0];i;i=R[i])//优先循环1的数量少的一列
 91         {
 92              if(S[i]<S[c])
 93              { 
 94                  c=i;
 95              }
 96         }
 97         Remove(c);
 98         for(int i=D[c];i!=c;i=D[i])
 99         {
100             ans[step]=i;
101             for(int j=R[i];j!=i;j=R[j]) Remove(C[j]);
102             if(dfs(step+1)) return true;
103             for(int j=L[i];j!=i;j=L[j]) Resume(C[j]);
104         }
105         Resume(c);
106         return false;
107     }
108 }dlx;
109 int main()
110 {
111     char str[260];
112     int kase=0;
113     while(cin>>str)
114     {
115         if(kase)
116         {
117             cout<<endl;
118         }
119         kase++;
120         for(int i=1;i<=15;i++)
121         {
122             cin>>str+i*16;
123         }
124         dlx.init(256*4);
125         int r=0,js=0;//r代表行
126         for(int x=0;x<16;x++)
127         {    for(int y=0;y<16;y++)
128             {
129                 char ch=str[js];
130                 js++;
131                 int s=(x/4)*4+y/4;//
132                 int a,b,c,d;//a表示约束一,b表示约束二,c表示约束三,d表示约束四
133                 if(ch=='-')
134                 {
135                     for(int i=1;i<=16;i++)
136                     {
137                         a=x*16+y+1;
138                         b=x*16+i+256;
139                         c=y*16+i+256+256;
140                         d=s*16+i+256+256+256;
141                         ++r;
142                         dlx.Link(r,a,x,y,i);
143                         dlx.Link(r,b,x,y,i);
144                         dlx.Link(r,c,x,y,i);
145                         dlx.Link(r,d,x,y,i);
146                     }
147                 }
148                 else
149                 {
150                     int i=ch-64;
151                     a=x*16+y+1;
152                     b=x*16+i+256;
153                     c=y*16+i+256+256;
154                     d=s*16+i+256+256+256;
155                     ++r;
156                     dlx.Link(r,a,x,y,i);
157                     dlx.Link(r,b,x,y,i);
158                     dlx.Link(r,c,x,y,i);
159                     dlx.Link(r,d,x,y,i);
160                 }
161             }
162         }
163         dlx.dfs(0);
164         char res[16][16];
165         for(int i=0;i<256;i++)//将答案存放到一个数独数组中
166         {
167             int a=ans[i];
168             int x=dlx.loc[a][0],y=dlx.loc[a][1],k=dlx.loc[a][2]-1;
169             res[x][y]=k+'A';
170         }
171         for(int i=0;i<16;i++)
172         {
173             for(int j=0;j<16;j++)
174             {
175                 printf("%c",res[i][j]);
176             }
177             printf("
");
178         }
179     }
180    
181 }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mzchuan/p/11438173.html