简介
Binlog日志，即二进制日志文件，用于记录用户对数据库操作的SQL语句信息，当发生数据误删除的时候我们可以通过binlog日志来还原已经删除的数据，还原数据的方法分为传统二进制文件还原数据和基于GTID的二进制文件还原数据
传统二进制日志还原数据
1.修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnfserver-id=1log-bin=binlog#重启数据库服务[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
2.操作数据库
mysql> create database mydb charset utf8mb4;mysql> use mydb;mysql> create table test(id int)engine=innodb charset=utf8mb4;mysql> insert into test values(1);mysql> insert into test values(2);mysql> insert into test values(3);mysql> insert into test values(4);mysql> commit;mysql> update test set id=10 where id=4;mysql> commit;mysql> select * from test;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 || 3 || 10 |+------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> drop database mydb;
3.查看二进制日志信息
mysql> show master statusG;*************************** 1. row ***************************File: binlog.000001Position: 1960Binlog_Do_DB:Binlog_Ignore_DB:Executed_Gtid_Set:1 row in set (0.00 sec)#查找创库和删库的点,为219和1868mysql> show binlog events in 'binlog.000001';+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+| binlog.000001 | 219 | Query | 1 | 329 | create database mydb charset utf8mb4 || binlog.000001 | 1868 | Query | 1 | 1960 | drop database mydb |+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
4.另存为二进制日志信息
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=219 --stop-position=1868 /var/lib/mysql/binlog.000001 > /tmp/binlog.sql5.恢复数据
#临时关闭二进制日志记录以免重复记录mysql> set sql_log_bin=0;#恢复数据mysql> source /tmp/binlog.sql#重启二进制日志记录mysql> set sql_log_bin=1;
6.查看数据恢复情况
mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mydb || mysql || performance_schema || sys |+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> use mydb;Database changedmysql> select * from test;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 || 3 || 10 |+------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)、
基于GTID二进制日志还原数据
1.修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnfserver-id=1log-bin=binloggtid_mode=ONenforce_gtid_consistency=truelog_slave_updates=1#重启数据库服务[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
2.操作数据库
mysql> create database mydb1;mysql> use mydb1;Database changedmysql> create table t1(id int)engine=innodb charset=utf8mb4;mysql> insert into t1 values(1);mysql> insert into t1 values(2);mysql> insert into t1 values(3);mysql> insert into t1 values(11);mysql> insert into t1 values(12);mysql> commit;mysql> select * from t1;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 || 3 || 11 || 12 |+------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> drop database mydb1;
3.查看二进制日志信息
mysql> show master statusG;*************************** 1. row ***************************File: binlog.000003Position: 1944Binlog_Do_DB:Binlog_Ignore_DB:Executed_Gtid_Set: 51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1-81 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> show binlog events in 'binlog.000003';+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+| binlog.000003 | 154 | Gtid | 1 | 219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1' || binlog.000003 | 219 | Query | 1 | 316 | create database mydb1 || binlog.000003 | 1784 | Gtid | 1 | 1849 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:8' || binlog.000003 | 1849 | Query | 1 | 1944 | drop database mydb1 |+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
4.另存为二进制日志信息
#8号事务记录为删除数据库，因此只需恢复1-7号事务记录即可[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --skip-gtids --include-gtids='51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1-7' /var/lib/mysql/binlog.000003 > /tmp/gtid.sql参数说明:--include-gtids:包含事务--exclude-gtids:排除事务--skip-gtids:跳过事务
5.恢复数据
mysql> set sql_log_bin=0;mysql> source /tmp/gtid.sqlmysql> set sql_log_bin=1;
6.查看数据恢复情况
mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mydb || mydb1 || mysql || performance_schema || sys |+--------------------+6 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> use mydb1;Database changedmysql> select * from t1;+------+| id |+------+| 1 || 2 || 3 || 11 || 12 |+------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)