Spring学习笔记--声明一个简单的Bean

spring依赖的maven dependency
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework

在pom.xml中添加如下依赖:

<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

第一个例子:
首先设置一个接口Perofrmance表示参赛者。

package com.moonlit.myspring;

public interface Performer {
    void perform() throws PerformanceException;
}

创建一个Juggler(杂技师)类继承Performer表示参赛者是杂技师

package com.moonlit.myspring;

public class Juggler implements Performer {
    private int beanBags = 3;
    public Juggler() {
    }
    public Juggler(int beanBags) {
        this.beanBags = beanBags;
    }
    public void perform() throws PerformanceException {
        System.out.println("JUGGLING " + beanBags + " BEANBAGS");
    }
}

在spring-idol.xml配置文件中定义一个名为duke的bean,他对应Juggler类(我把xml文件放在src/main/resources目录下)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
    
  <bean id="duke" class="com.moonlit.myspring.Juggler" />
    
</beans>

测试代码:

package com.moonlit.practice;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.moonlit.myspring.PerformanceException;
import com.moonlit.myspring.Performer;

public class FirstBean {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws PerformanceException {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "spring-idol.xml");
        Performer performer = (Performer) context.getBean("duke");
        performer.perform();
    }
}

运行结果如下:

JUGGLING 3 BEANBAGS

理解:首先定义了一个接口Performer,然后写了一个类Juggler继承自Peformer,Juggler有一个私有成员变量beanBags,他的默认值是3,然后Juggler实现了Performer的perform方法,方法的输出带有beanBags的数量。
然后在测试的程序中,通过ApplicationContext类型对象加载了spring-idol.xml文件的内容,而在xml文件中定义了名为"duke"的bean,然后我刚好就用到了。
然后bean返回的是一个Juggler,所以我将

Performer performer = (Performer) context.getBean("duke");

改成

Juggler performer = (Juggler) context.getBean("duke");

也是可以的,但是在这里我想看的效果是通过application context返回的是不是一个Juggler,因为通过输出的结果就可以知道了,所以我这里用(Performer),对中输出的效果显示bean对应的Performer真的是一个Juggler,这就是通过xml定义一个bean并通过application context获得这个bean对象的整个过程。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/moonlightpoet/p/5536932.html