二分搜索树

#include <iostream>
#include <vector> 
#include <string>
#include <queue> 
#include <cassert>
 
using namespace std;

template<typename Key, typename Value>
class BST {
	
	public :
		BST() {
			root = NULL;
			count = 0;
		}
		~BST() {
			// TODO : ~BST()
			destroy(root);
		}
		
		int size() {
			return count;
		} 
		
		bool isEmpty() {
			return count == 0;
		}
		
		// 插入结点 
		void insert(Key key, Value value) {
			root = insert(root, key, value);
		}
		
		// 是否包含该键值的结点 
		bool contain(Key key) {
			return contain(root, key);
		}
		
		// 返回值为指针类型: 若未查找到, 返回空
		// 若查找到, 返回指向value地址的指针 
		Value * search(Key key) {
			return search(root, key);
		}
		
		//前序遍历
		void preOrder() {
			preOrder(root);
		} 
		
		// 中序遍历
		void inOrder() {
			inOrder(root);
		} 
		
		// 后序遍历
		void postOrder() {
			postOrder(root);
		} 
		
		// 层序遍历
		void levelOrder() {
			
			queue<Node*> q;
			q.push(root);
			while(!q.empty()) {
				
				Node * node = q.front();
				q.pop();
				
				cout << node->key << endl;
				
				if(node->left)
					q.push(node->left);
				if(node->right)
					q.push(node->right);
			}
		} 
		
		// 寻找最小的键值
		Key minimum() {
			assert(count != 0);
			Node * minNode = minimum(root);
			return minNode->key;
		} 
		
		// 寻找最大的键值
		Key maximum() {
			assert(count != 0);
			Node * maxNode = maximum(root);
			return maxNode->key; 
		} 
		
		// 从二叉树中删除最小值所在节点
		void removeMin() {
			if(root)
				root = removeMin(root);
		} 
		
		// 从二叉树中删除最大值所在的结点
		void removeMax() {
			if(root)
				root = removeMax(root);
		} 
		
		// 从二叉树中删除键值为key的结点
		void remove(Key key) {
			root = remove(root, key);
		} 
		
	private :
		struct Node {
			Key key;
			Value value;
			Node * left;
			Node * right;
			
			Node(Key key, Value value) {
				this->key = key;
				this->value = value;
				this->left = this->right = NULL;
			}
			
			Node(Node *node) {
				this->key = node->key;
				this->value = node->value;
				this->left = node->left;
				this->right = node->right;
			}
		};
		
		Node * root;
		int count;	// 二分搜索树的节点个数 
		
		Node * insert(Node * node, Key key, Value value) {
			
			if(node == NULL) {
				count ++;
				return new Node(key, value);
			}
			
			if(key == node->key)
				node->value = value;
			else if(key < node->key)
				node->left = insert(node->left, key, value);
			else
				node->right = insert(node->right, key, value);
				
			return node;
		}
		
		bool contain(Node * node, Key key) {
			
			if(node == NULL)
				return false;
			
			if(key == node->key)
				return true;
			else if(key < node->key)
				return contain(node->left, key);
			else
				return contain(node->right, key);
		}
		
		// 在以node为根的二叉搜索树中查找key所对应的value 
		Value * search(Node * node, Key key) {
			
			if(node == NULL)
				return NULL;
			
			if(key == node->key)
				return &(node->value);
			else if(key < node->key)
				return search(node->left, key);
			else
				return search(node->right, key);
		}
		
		void preOrder(Node * node) {
			
			if(node != NULL) {
				cout << node->key << endl;
				preOrder(node->left);
				preOrder(node->right);
			}
			return ;
		}
		
		void inOrder(Node * node) {
			
			if(node != NULL) {
				inOrder(node->left);
				cout << node->key << endl;
				inOrder(node->right);
			}
			return ;
		}
		
		void postOrder(Node * node) {
			
			if(node != NULL) {
				postOrder(node->left);
				postOrder(node->right);
				cout << node->key << endl;
			}
			return ;
		}
		
		void destroy(Node * node) {
			
			// 先删除左子树, 再删除右子树, 最后删除根节点 
			if(node != NULL) {
				destroy(node->left);
				destroy(node->right);
				
				delete node;
				count --;
			}
		}
		
		// 在以node为根的二叉搜索树中, 返回最小键值的结点 
		Node * minimum(Node * node) {
			if(node->left == NULL)
				return node;
			 
			return minumum(node->left);
		}
		
		// 在以node为根的二叉搜索树中, 返回最大键值的结点
		Node maximum(Node * node) {
			if(node->right == NULL)
				return node;
			
			return maximum(node->right);
		}
		
		// 删除以node为根的二分搜索树中的最小节点
		// 返回删除结点后的新的二分搜索树的根
		Node * removeMin(Node * node) {
			
			if(node->left == NULL) {
				Node * rightNode = node->right;
				delete node;
				count --;
				return rightNode;
			}
			
			node->left = removeMin(node->left);
			return node;
		} 
		
		// 删除以node为根的二分搜索树中的最大节点
		// 返回删除结点后的新的二分搜索树的根
		Node * removeMax(Node * node) {
			
			if(node->right == NULL) {
				Node * leftNode = node->left;
				delete node;
				count --;
				return leftNode;
			}
			
			node->right = removeMax(node->right);
			return node;
		}
		
		// 删除以node为根的二分搜索树中键值为key的结点
		// 返回删除结点后的二分搜索树的根
		Node * remove(Node * node, Key key) {
			
			if(node == NULL)
				return NULL;
			
			if(key < node->key) {
				node->left = remove(node->left, key);
				return node;
			}
			else if(key > node->key) {
				node->right = remove(node->right, key);
				return node;
			}
			else {	// key == node->key
				if(node->left == NULL) {
					Node * rightNode = node->right;
					delete node;
					count --;
					return rightNode;
				}
				if(node->right == NULL) {
					Node * leftNode = node->left;
					delete node;
					count --;
					return leftNode;
				}
				
				// node->left != NULL && node->right != NULL
				Node * successor = new Node(minimum(node->right));
				count ++;
				
				successor->right = removeMin(node->right);
				successor->left = node->left;
				
				delete node;
				count --;
				
				return successor;
			}
		} 
};

  

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mjn1/p/10595733.html