【DataBase】MySQL根据父节点查询下面的所有子节点

表结构如下:

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer

 Source Server         : 主机
 Source Server Type    : MySQL
 Source Server Version : 80023
 Source Host           : localhost:3308
 Source Schema         : my-info

 Target Server Type    : MySQL
 Target Server Version : 80023
 File Encoding         : 65001

 Date: 20/06/2021 10:09:06
*/

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tt_wechat_org
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tt_wechat_org`;
CREATE TABLE `tt_wechat_org`  (
  `ID` int NOT NULL COMMENT '微信主键',
  `NAME` varchar(120) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '部门名称',
  `NAME_EN` varchar(120) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '部门英文名称',
  `PARENT_ID` int NOT NULL COMMENT '父部门ID',
  `OEDER` int NOT NULL COMMENT '在父部门中的次序值',
  `CREATED_BY` bigint NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `CREATED_AT` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `UPDATED_BY` bigint NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `UPDATED_AT` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`ID`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '微信组织部门表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

部门,或者称为组织结构,也是一个树状的层级结构:

业务需求需要从某一个部门开始获取下面的所有子部门

这样来查询每个部门下面的人员,用来查询人员的一些字段

先查询根节点开始,一般根节点的parent_id设置为0,即表示没有上一级的节点了

SELECT * FROM tt_wechat_org WHERE parent_id = 0

输出

+-----------+----------------------------------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
| ID        | NAME                                         | NAME_EN | PARENT_ID | OEDER     | CREATED_BY | CREATED_AT          | UPDATED_BY | UPDATED_AT          |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
|         1 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司乘用车销售服务上海分公司 |         |         0 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 999999999 | 总部                                         |         |         0 |         1 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.03 sec)

再向下查询又会有更多的子节点:

SELECT * FROM tt_wechat_org WHERE parent_id = 1;

输出:

+-----+-----------------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
| ID  | NAME                        | NAME_EN | PARENT_ID | OEDER     | CREATED_BY | CREATED_AT          | UPDATED_BY | UPDATED_AT          |
+-----+-----------------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
|   2 | 销售及渠道                  |         |         1 | 100002000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|   3 | 数字化                      |         |         1 |  99999000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|   4 | 售后                        |         |         1 |  99998000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|   5 | 市场                        |         |         1 |  99999500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|   6 | 产品市场                    |         |         1 |  99996000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|   7 | 采购&财务                   |         |         1 |  99992125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  45 | 客服支持(DMS/企业微信/商城) |         |         1 |  99992250 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  46 | 总经办                      |         |         1 | 100003000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  49 | 经销商                      |         |         1 |  99994125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 240 | 共享素材管理组              |         |         1 |  99991125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 282 | 信息部                      |         |         1 |  99990125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 283 | 区域营销广代商              |         |         1 |  99989125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 289 | 临时                        |         |         1 |  99989625 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 528 | BCG                         |         |         1 |  99988125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
+-----+-----------------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
14 rows in set (0.06 sec)

如此往复,直到最后没有节点可以查询出来了

1、一个SQL只能查询一次

2、每次查询只能查询出下一级节点的ID

3、下一级节点的ID是下个下一级的Parent_ID

所以需要一个可以递归的SQL

SELECT
    id,
    NAME,
    parent_id 
FROM
    ( SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY parent_id, id ) products_sorted,
    ( SELECT @pv := '19' ) initialisation 
WHERE
    find_in_set( parent_id, @pv ) 
    AND length(
    @pv := concat( @pv, ',', id ))

如果需求要求一些职员是越级的,例如他既是总监,又是经理,管东区又管西区的这种

就需要给他查询多个部门的ID

@pv := '19, 11'

这样也能支持

不过我实现需求的时候还是没采用这种方式,我是用IN关键字做子查询嵌套

一般来说层级关系是固定不变的

例如这一段,给的是大区,然后查询下面所有的分店:

SELECT * FROM tt_wechat_org WHERE parent_id IN(
    SELECT id FROM tt_wechat_org WHERE parent_id IN(
        SELECT id FROM tt_wechat_org WHERE parent_id IN(8, 10)
    )
)

输出:

+-----+----------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
| ID  | NAME                 | NAME_EN | PARENT_ID | OEDER     | CREATED_BY | CREATED_AT          | UPDATED_BY | UPDATED_AT          |
+-----+----------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
|  51 | 成都万星             |         |        95 | 100006062 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  55 | 新疆天汇福达         |         |       145 | 100002000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  57 | 曲靖明福             |         |       157 | 100005312 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  59 | 克拉玛依天宇兴合     |         |       145 | 100001750 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  62 | 达州骏骥             |         |        95 | 100006000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  63 | 新疆龙泽源           |         |       145 | 100001875 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  64 | 德阳万星             |         |        95 | 100006125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  65 | 保山金运             |         |       157 | 100005000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  73 | 上海科达             |         |       225 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  74 | 喀什秋林             |         |       145 | 100002375 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  77 | 四川福顺             |         |        95 | 100006031 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  80 | 云南明福             |         |       157 | 100005500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  81 | 江西江铃             |         |       115 | 100001000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  84 | 昆明健中冈           |         |       157 | 100006000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  85 | 龙山万福             |         |       157 | 100005125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  86 | 南充骏耀             |         |        95 | 100006375 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  88 | 绵阳万鸿             |         |        95 | 100006500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
|  96 | 遂宁新清巍           |         |        95 | 100002250 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 102 | 浙江江铃嘉兴分公司   |         |       101 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 110 | 莆田江福             |         |       109 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 111 | 浙江江铃绍兴分公司   |         |       101 |  99999000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 113 | 重庆安博两江分公司   |         |       112 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 116 | 江西福铃             |         |       115 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 122 | 湖州万永             |         |       101 | 100000500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 123 | 福州丰骏             |         |       109 |  99999093 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 128 | 贵州万佳             |         |       127 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 129 | 重庆怡之铃           |         |       112 | 100000500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 132 | 兰州赛福             |         |       131 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 133 | 慈溪友铃             |         |       101 |  99999500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 134 | 贵州万福             |         |       127 |  99999000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 146 | 新疆丰骏福瑞         |         |       145 | 100002312 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 151 | 宁夏福立升           |         |       150 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 158 | 文山惠福昇           |         |       157 | 100003500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 160 | 九江江福             |         |       115 |  99999000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 163 | 龙岩丰骏福瑞         |         |       109 |  99999031 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 168 | 四川中润通汇         |         |        95 | 100004000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 174 | 阿克苏秋林           |         |       145 | 100003000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 180 | 宁波顺福             |         |       101 |  99998125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 185 | 伊犁尊福             |         |       145 | 100001812 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 188 | 泉州国骏             |         |       109 |  99999500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 192 | 嘉峪关良志           |         |       131 |  99999000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 194 | 青海嘉悦             |         |       193 | 100000000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 196 | 南平华骏             |         |       109 |  99999007 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 198 | 漳州华骏天瑞         |         |       109 |  99999062 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 199 | 甘肃顺铃             |         |       131 |  99998000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 202 | 浙江万捷             |         |       101 | 100001000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 203 | 丽水福鑫             |         |       101 |  99999250 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 204 | 重庆安福新牌坊分公司 |         |       112 | 100001000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 206 | 厦门丰骏福瑞         |         |       109 |  99999250 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 209 | 丽江金鸿铭           |         |       157 | 100004000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 212 | 上饶星顺             |         |       115 |  99998000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 217 | 眉山清巍             |         |        95 | 100002500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 218 | 义乌瑞鑫             |         |       101 |  99998250 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 239 | 巴州龙跃             |         |       145 | 100002500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 243 | 温州金跃             |         |       101 |  99998500 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 472 | 宁德丰汇             |         |       109 |  99999125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 474 | 三明福元             |         |       109 |  99999015 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 488 | 广安骏图             |         |        95 | 100007000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 515 | 叶城华联             |         |       145 |  99993000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 527 | 贵州林荣             |         |       127 |  99998000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 531 | 赣州铃卡             |         |       115 |  99996000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 539 | 西藏睿欧             |         |       227 |  99999000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 540 | 四川江铃西昌分公司   |         |        95 | 100003000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 541 | 宜宾盛晖             |         |        95 | 100002125 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 544 | 浙江江铃临安         |         |       101 |  99987000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 545 | 台州铭致             |         |       101 |  99986000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
| 550 | 台州福奥             |         |       101 |  99985000 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 | NULL       | 2021-06-08 14:47:40 |
+-----+----------------------+---------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------------+------------+---------------------+
67 rows in set (0.25 sec)

用递归SQL的结果似乎也是一样的:

SELECT
    *
FROM
    ( SELECT * FROM tt_wechat_org ORDER BY parent_id, id ) products_sorted,
    ( SELECT @pv := '8,10' ) initialisation 
WHERE
    find_in_set( parent_id, @pv ) 
    AND length(
    @pv := concat( @pv, ',', id )) ORDER BY id

2021年6月26日 21点57分 更新部分:

上一个SQL有一定的问题,例如查询特定层级的ID会失效

后来是改成这个样子实现的:

SELECT 
    TT.id, 
    TT.NAME   
FROM (    
    SELECT 
        DISTINCT c2.id,
        c2.NAME,
        c2.NAME_EN,
        c2.parent_id,
        c1.level-1 LEVEL 
    FROM (
        SELECT     
            @ids AS _ids,     
            ( SELECT @ids := GROUP_CONCAT(id) FROM tt_wechat_org WHERE FIND_IN_SET(parent_id, @ids)) AS cids,     
            @l := @l+1 AS LEVEL     
        FROM 
            tt_wechat_org,     
            (SELECT @ids :='49', @l := 0 ) b     
        WHERE @ids IS NOT NULL      
    ) c1, 
    tt_wechat_org c2     
    WHERE FIND_IN_SET(c2.id, c1._ids) ORDER BY  LEVEL , id      
) TT

过了一周准备上线,结果生产库用的MySQL8

给爷整无语了,现在叫我们去改业务,8的话容易了,有专用的WITH CURSIVE去写

使用MySQL8的WITH RECURSIVE

WITH RECURSIVE cte AS(
SELECT a.id, a.parent_id,a.name FROM tt_wechat_org a WHERE a.id='49'
UNION ALL
SELECT k.id, k.parent_id,k.name FROM tt_wechat_org k INNER JOIN cte c ON c.id = k.parent_id
) SELECT id,NAME,parent_id FROM cte

改了之后,能跑起来就算赢

测试了之后发现,速度比5.7的快,不知道是网络原因还是8版本的性能好

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mindzone/p/14906249.html