布尔查询时最常用的组合查询，根据子查询的规则，只有当文档满足所有子查询条件时，es 才会返回查询结果，支持的布尔查询有：
must（and）：和，两个条件必须都满足才返回should（or）：或must_not（not）：非filter：
1. 准备数据
PUT f1/doc/1
{
"name": "rose",
"age": 18,
"from": "美国",
"tags": ["白", "漂亮", "高"]
}
PUT f1/doc/2
{
"name": "lila",
"age": 19,
"from": "瑞士",
"tags": ["白", "漂亮", "性感"]
}
PUT f1/doc/3
{
"name": "john",
"age": 20,
"from": "美国",
"tags": ["黑", "帅气", "高"]
}
2. must
查询所有来自美国的：
# 查询所有来自美国的
GET f1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "美国"
}
}
]
}
}
}
must 是一个列表。可以接多个查询条件。
查询结果：
{
"took" : 4,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 2,
"max_score" : 0.5753642,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"name" : "rose",
"age" : 18,
"from" : "美国",
"tags" : [
"白",
"漂亮",
"高"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"name" : "john",
"age" : 20,
"from" : "美国",
"tags" : [
"黑",
"帅气",
"高"
]
}
}
]
}
}
查询所有来自美国的，年龄是 18 岁的
# 查询所有来自美国的，年龄是 18 岁的
GET f1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "美国"
}
},
{
"match": {
"age": 18
}
}
]
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took" : 3,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 1.5753641,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.5753641,
"_source" : {
"name" : "rose",
"age" : 18,
"from" : "美国",
"tags" : [
"白",
"漂亮",
"高"
]
}
}
]
}
}
3. should
查询来自美国或瑞士的：
# 查询来自美国或瑞士的
GET f1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [
{
"match": {
"from": "美国"
}
},
{
"match": {
"from": "瑞士"
}
}
]
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took" : 4,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 3,
"max_score" : 0.5753642,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"name" : "lila",
"age" : 19,
"from" : "瑞士",
"tags" : [
"白",
"漂亮",
"性感"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"name" : "rose",
"age" : 18,
"from" : "美国",
"tags" : [
"白",
"漂亮",
"高"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"name" : "john",
"age" : 20,
"from" : "美国",
"tags" : [
"黑",
"帅气",
"高"
]
}
}
]
}
}
4. must_not
查询既不来自美国也不来自瑞士的：
# 查询既不来自美国也不来自瑞士的
GET f1/docs/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must_not": [
{
"match": {
"from": "美国"
}
},
{
"match": {
"from": "瑞士"
}
}
]
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 0,
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}
5. filter
查询来自美国，年龄大于 16 小于 19：
# 查询来自美国，年龄大于 16 小于 19
GET f1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"from": "美国"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gt": 16,
"lt": 19
}
}
}
}
}
}
must：查询所有来自美国的filter：条件过滤查询，范围用range表示，gt表示大于，lt表示小于
查询结果：
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.5753642,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "f1",
"_type" : "doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"name" : "rose",
"age" : 18,
"from" : "美国",
"tags" : [
"白",
"漂亮",
"高"
]
}
}
]
}
}
还可以直接使用 filter 来查询：
# 查询年龄小于等于 19 岁的
GET f1/doc/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"lte": 19
}
}
}
}
}
}
注意：
filter不要与should搭配使用，而应与must搭配使用；这是因为布尔查询优先经过filter过滤，而should是或关系，有可能出现意想不到的结果~