Linux下硬盘使用率详解及shell脚本实现

linux下使用df -TPh查看硬盘使用率：

sdua:/ # df -TPh
Filesystem                  Type   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda3                   ext3   2.0G  974M  940M  51% /
udev                        tmpfs   16G  500K   16G   1% /dev
tmpfs                       tmpfs   32G  9.4G   23G  30% /dev/shm
/dev/vda2                   ext3  1008M   56M  902M   6% /boot
/dev/vda9                   ext3    20G  173M   19G   1% /core
/dev/vda8                   ext3    28G  2.5G   24G  10% /home
/dev/vda10                  ext3    21G  6.1G   14G  31% /opt
/dev/vda6                   ext3   4.0G  186M  3.6G   5% /var
tmpfs                       tmpfs  512M  620K  512M   1% /tmp
shm                         tmpfs   32G  9.4G   23G  30% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vgdb-lv_bakData ext3    11G  326M  9.8G   4% /home/oracle/rmcbak
/dev/mapper/vgdb-lvarchive  ext3    11G  156M  9.9G   2% /home/oracle/archive

　去掉Filesystem行，tmpfs行(tmpfs是一种基于内存的文件系统)　，获取硬盘名和使用率：

sdua:/ # df -TPh | grep -vE '^Filesystem|tmpfs|cdrom' | awk '{ print $6 " " $1 }'
51% /dev/vda3
6% /dev/vda2
1% /dev/vda9
10% /dev/vda8
31% /dev/vda10
5% /dev/vda6
4% /dev/mapper/vgdb-lv_bakData
2% /dev/mapper/vgdb-lvarchive 

　　具体实现的shell脚本如下：

#!/bin/bash

# set alert level 90% is default
ALERT=50

df -TPh | grep -vE '^Filesystem|tmpfs|cdrom' | awk '{ print $6 " " $1 }' | while read output;
do
   usep=$(echo $output | awk '{ print $1}' | cut -d '%' -f 1 )
   partition=$(echo $output | awk '{ print $2 }' )
   if [ $usep -ge $ALERT ]; then
       echo "Running out of space $partition ($usep%) on $(date +%Y-%m-%d)" 
   fi
done
exit 0

　　运行效果超过50%使用率：

sdua:/ # ./disk.sh 
Running out of space /dev/vda3 (51%) on 2015-09-09
sdua:/ #