1 JWT进阶理解
1.1 settings.py
"""
Django settings for opwf project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.13.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""
import datetime
import os, sys
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'uorj1ni^mnut@wo@c%)iv)%5=8dxlml4-j0!f3b%4#f*8a5)3t'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'rest_framework',
'corsheaders',
'user.apps.UserConfig',
'workflow.apps.WorkflowConfig',
'workerorder.apps.WorkerorderConfig',
# 'jwt',
# 'rest_framework_jwt',
# 'rest_framework.authentication'
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'opwf.urls'
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'opwf.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'opwf_db',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '1',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
'PORT': '3306'
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
# 文档报错： AttributeError: ‘AutoSchema’ object has no attribute ‘get_link’
# 用下面的设置可以解决
'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.schemas.AutoSchema',
# 默认设置是:
# 'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.schemas.openapi.AutoSchema',
# 异常处理器
# 'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'user.utils.exception_handler',
# Base API policies 默认渲染器类
'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
],
# 默认解析器类
'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser'
],
# 1.认证器（全局）
'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', # 在 DRF中配置JWT认证
# 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication', # 使用session时的认证器
# 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication' # 提交表单时的认证器
],
# 2.权限配置（全局）： 顺序靠上的严格
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser', # 管理员可以访问
# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated', # 认证用户可以访问
# 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly', # 认证用户可以访问, 否则只能读取
'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny', # 所有用户都可以访问
],
# 3.限流（防爬虫）
'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle',
],
# 3.1限流策略
# 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
# 'user': '100/hour', # 认证用户每小时100次
# 'anon': '300/day', # 未认证用户每天能访问3次
# },
'DEFAULT_CONTENT_NEGOTIATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.negotiation.DefaultContentNegotiation',
'DEFAULT_METADATA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.metadata.SimpleMetadata',
'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS': None,
# 4.分页（全局）：全局分页器, 例如 省市区的数据自定义分页器, 不需要分页
# 'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
# 每页返回数量
# 'PAGE_SIZE': 1
# 5.过滤器后端
'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': [
'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend',
# 'django_filters.rest_framework.backends.DjangoFilterBackend', 包路径有变化
],
# 5.1过滤排序（全局）：Filtering 过滤排序
'SEARCH_PARAM': 'search',
'ORDERING_PARAM': 'ordering',
'NUM_PROXIES': None,
# 6.版本控制：Versioning 接口版本控制
'DEFAULT_VERSION': None,
'ALLOWED_VERSIONS': None,
'VERSION_PARAM': 'version',
# Authentication 认证
# 未认证用户使用的用户类型
'UNAUTHENTICATED_USER': 'django.contrib.auth.models.AnonymousUser',
# 未认证用户使用的Token值
'UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN': None,
# View configuration
'VIEW_NAME_FUNCTION': 'rest_framework.views.get_view_name',
'VIEW_DESCRIPTION_FUNCTION': 'rest_framework.views.get_view_description',
'NON_FIELD_ERRORS_KEY': 'non_field_errors',
# Testing
'TEST_REQUEST_RENDERER_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.renderers.MultiPartRenderer',
'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer'
],
'TEST_REQUEST_DEFAULT_FORMAT': 'multipart',
# Hyperlink settings
'URL_FORMAT_OVERRIDE': 'format',
'FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG': 'format',
'URL_FIELD_NAME': 'url',
# Encoding
'UNICODE_JSON': True,
'COMPACT_JSON': True,
'STRICT_JSON': True,
'COERCE_DECIMAL_TO_STRING': True,
'UPLOADED_FILES_USE_URL': True,
# Browseable API
'HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF': 1000,
'HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF_TEXT': "More than {count} items...",
# Schemas
'SCHEMA_COERCE_PATH_PK': True,
'SCHEMA_COERCE_METHOD_NAMES': {
'retrieve': 'read',
'destroy': 'delete'
},
# 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin':'http://localhost:8080',
# 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials': True
}
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = False
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'user.User'
# jwt载荷中的有效期设置
JWT_AUTH = {
# 1.token前缀：headers中 Authorization 值的前缀
'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT',
# 2.token有效期：一天有效
'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1),
# 3.刷新token：允许使用旧的token换新token
'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True,
# 4.token有效期：token在24小时内过期, 可续期token
'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24),
# 5.自定义JWT载荷信息：自定义返回格式，需要手工创建
'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler',
}
1.2 user/utils.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None):
"""
自定义jwt认证成功返回数据
:token 返回的jwt
:user 当前登录的用户信息[对象]
:request 当前本次客户端提交过来的数据
:role 角色
"""
if user.first_name:
name = user.first_name
else:
name = user.username
return {
'authenticated': 'true',
'id': user.id,
"role": role,
'name': name,
'username': user.username,
'email': user.email,
'token': token,
}
1.3 user/views.py
import datetime
import random
from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from user.models import User
from user.serializers import UserSerializer
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
class RegisterView(APIView):
def post(self, request):
username = request.data.get('username')
password = request.data.get('password')
password_new = request.data.get('password_new')
if not all([username, password, password_new]):
return Response(
{'msg': '信息不全', 'code': 400}
)
if password != password_new:
return Response(
{'code': 400, 'msg':'两次登录密码不一致'}
)
user_serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
if user_serializer.is_valid():
user_serializer.save()
user_info = User.objects.filter(username=username).first()
return Response(
{'msg': '注册成功', 'code': 200, 'token': user_info.token}
)
return Response(
{'msg': '注册失败', 'error': user_serializer.errors }
)
1.4 user/serializers.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework_jwt.serializers import jwt_payload_handler
from rest_framework_jwt.settings import api_settings
from user.models import User
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = User
fields = '__all__'
def create(self, data):
username = data.get('username', '')
password = data.get('password', '')
mobile = data.get('mobile', '')
email = data.get('email', '')
user = User(username=username, email=email, mobile=mobile)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
# 补充生成记录登录状态的token
jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
print(token)
user.token = token
user.save()
return user
1.5 user/urls.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.urls import path
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token
from user import views
router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
path('login/', obtain_jwt_token),
path('register/', views.RegisterView.as_view()),
]
urlpatterns += router.urls
2 效果展示
2.1 登录效果展示
http://192.168.56.100:1594/user/login/
2.2 注册效果展示
http://192.168.56.100:1594/user/register/
2.2.1 必填字段
2.2.2 效果展示
2.2.3 小海豚数据
3 前端项目规范
3.1 文件夹命名
- 全局通用的组件放在 src/components 下
- 其他业务页面中的组件，放在各自页面下的 ./components 文件夹下
- 普通文件夹建议使用 kebab-case 方式命名
- 属于 components 文件夹下的子文件夹，使用大写字母开头的 PascalBase风格
3.2 文件命名规范
3.2.1 .js 问价命名规范
.js 文件，使用 kebab-case 风格
属于Api的，统一加上Api后缀
3.2.2 .vue 文件命名规范
除index.vue之外， 其他 .vue 文件统一用 PascalBase 风格
3.3 函数命名规范
3.3.1 后端配置路由规范
// 书籍管理接口
export const getBookList = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
export const addBook = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
export const updateBook = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
export const delBook = (params, headers) => axios_get('/book/books/', params, headers)
3.3.2 函数命名规范
handleLogin(){
}
getOtherQuery(query){
}
4 反射
- hasattr(ogj,name_str)判断一个对象里是否有对应的字符串方法
- getattr(obj,name_str)根据字符串去获取obj对象里的对应的方法的内存地址
- 使用stattr给类实例对象动态添加一个新的方法
- delattr删除实例属性
class Dog(object):
def eat(self, food):
print('eat method!!!', food)
d = Dog()
# hasatrr 判断对象d是否有eat方法，有返回True，没有返回False
print(hasattr(d, 'eat')) # True
print(hasattr(d, 'play')) # False
if hasattr(d, 'eat'):
func = getattr(d, 'eat')
func('baba')
# True
# False
# eat method!!! baba