selenium 自动化测试初探（PC—

selenium 自动化测试初探（PC——chrome）

一、环境准备：

LINUX 安装chrome for linux

官网chrome版本地址：https://www.google.cn/intl/zh-CN_ALL/chrome/

驱动下载 https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver

yum安装方式

firefox(火狐)
sudo yum install firefox

chrome(谷歌)
添加源：sudo wget http://repo.fdzh.org/chrome/google-chrome-mirrors.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
安装：sudo yum install google-chrome-stable

查看chromedriver版本

chromedriver --version

ChromeDriver 70.0.3538.97

查看chrome版本

yum list installed|grep chrom

google-chrome-stable.x86_64 70.0.3538.77-1

from selenium import webdriver
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
#chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')

driver=webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.get('https://www.baidu.com')
title=driver.title
print(title)
driver.quit()

报错提示：(unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)

添加代码

chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')

WIN

windows10 python3 selenium

pip install selenium

chrome 驱动下载根据浏览器版本选择 https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver

ChromeDriver v2.42 (2018-09-13)----------Supports Chrome v68-70
ChromeDriver v2.41 (2018-07-27)----------Supports Chrome v67-69
ChromeDriver v2.40 (2018-06-07)----------Supports Chrome v66-68
ChromeDriver v2.39 (2018-05-30)----------Supports Chrome v66-68
ChromeDriver v2.38 (2018-04-17)----------Supports Chrome v65-67
ChromeDriver v2.37 (2018-03-16)----------Supports Chrome v64-66
ChromeDriver v2.36 (2018-03-02)----------Supports Chrome v63-65
ChromeDriver v2.35 (2018-01-10)----------Supports Chrome v62-64

二、相关方法

单个元素定位方法

find_element_by_id()
find_element_by_name()
find_element_by_class_name()
find_element_by_tag_name()
find_element_by_link_text()
find_element_by_partial_link_text()
find_element_by_xpath()
find_element_by_css_selector()

多个元素定位：

find_elements_by_id()
find_elements_by_name()
find_elements_by_class_name()
find_elements_by_tag_name()
find_elements_by_link_text()
find_elements_by_partial_link_text()
find_elements_by_xpath()
find_elements_by_css_selector()

driver.refresh() 刷新

clear()：清除文本。

send_keys (value)：模拟按键输入。

click()：单击元素。

submit() 提交

窗口切换

current_window_handle：获得当前窗口句柄。
window_handles：返回所有窗口的句柄到当前会话。
switch_to.window()：用于切换到相应的窗口，与上一节的switch_to.frame()类似，前者用于不同窗口的切换，后者用于不同表单之间的切换

三、例子解析

例子1：登陆v2ex 网站，验证码问题需解决

#coding:utf-8
from selenium import webdriver
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.v2ex.com/')
driver.find_element_by_link_text("登录").click()
username=driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#Main > div.box > div.cell > form > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(1) > td:nth-child(2) > input")
username.send_keys('test')
passwd=driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#Main > div.box > div.cell > form > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(2) > td:nth-child(2) > input")
passwd.send_keys('11111')
captcha=driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#Main > div.box > div.cell > form > table > tbody > tr:nth-child(3) > td:nth-child(2) > input")
captcha.send_keys('dddd')
captcha.submit()

例子2：无验证码登陆

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
driver=webdriver.Chrome()
handle_t=driver.current_window_handle
driver.get('https://www.myoffer.cn')
# driver.get('https://www.myoffer.cn/account/login?callbackRedirect=%2F')

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("body > header > div > div.my-top > div.li-bt-login > a").click()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-enroll-user-select").click()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-form-login-btn").click()

driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-user").click()
user=driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-user")
user.send_keys('xxxx')
passwd=driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-password")
passwd.send_keys('xxxx')
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-form-login > div.login-form-container > div > div.login-form-1 > div:nth-child(3) > button").click()

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/zhuyiquan/article/details/79537623